我国公共食品安全应急治理组织模式优化

Optimization of Organizational Model of Public Food Safety Emergency Management in China

针对公共食品安全应急治理“如何整合多元主体有效参与社会共治”的组织难题,本文在梳理我国公共食品安全应急治理组织演化与模式特征的基础上,揭示了我国公共食品安全应急治理组织症结:“条块分割”独特性造成公共食品安全应急治理的“不完备”科层制模式,从而催生和恶化了食品安全政府监管内在的“科层制困境”,引发了自身难以解决的复杂环境适应性、预案可操作性、信息传递单向性、多部门治理联动性、决策执行的制度依赖性等组织问题。基于我国公共食品安全应急治理组织的优化逻辑,本文提出了基于“三制融合”的公共食品安全应急治理组织模式,从组织结构、预案机制、信息机制、决策机制、支撑机制等方面探究了其运行机制。“三制融合”是我国公共食品安全应急治理组织模式的演化方向,将在推进多元社会主体有效参与和食品安全社会共治方面发挥积极作用。

This study aims to explore approaches to integrating multiple stakeholders to participate jointly in public food safety emergency management.We analyzed the evolution and characteristics of organizational models of public food safety emergency management in China and revealed the organizational crux thereof,that is,the deficient bureaucratic model caused by fragmented management.This causes an internal bureaucratic dilemma for government supervision and triggers organizational problems in terms of environmental adaptability,plan operability,information transmission,multi-sector governance,and policy dependence of decision-making and execution.Furthermore,we proposed a three-system-integrated organizational mode and analyzed its operation mechanism from the aspects of organizational structure as well as planning,information,decision-making,and support mechanisms.The three-system-integrated model is the evolution direction for China’s public food safety emergency management and will play an active role in encouraging the effective participation of diverse social subjects in social co-governance of food safety risks.