中国南方民间叙事中“父亲缺失”解析

An Analysis of“Father Absence”in Folk Narratives in Southern China

在人类历史文化中,父亲形象象征了权威和力量、规则与秩序。民间叙事中出现的“父亲缺失”现象,不仅意味着现实生活中保护和秩序的缺失、精神上的迷惘,还表现出人们对父和父权的不满、对“父”之责任的呼唤以及困境中渴望得到帮助的心态。同时,叙事文本还通过父亲缺失及父之善、恶的对比,批判了人性之恶,消减了社会伦理道德危机,进而引发对父权文化的深层思考、对新规则秩序的探寻等。这给我们现今的文化建设以诸多有益启示。

In the human history and culture,the paternal image symbolizes authority and power,rules and order.Therefore,in folk narratives,the phenomenon of“father absence”not only implies the lack of protection and order,the spiritual perplexity in the real life,but also the dissatisfaction with fathers and patriarchal authority,the call for“paternal”responsibility and a desire for help in difficult situations.At the same time,through father absence and the contrast between his good and evil,this kind of narrative text criticizes the evil of human nature to reduce the social ethical and moral crisis,so as to promote a deep thinking of the patriarchal culture and the exploration for new rules and order,which offers us a lot of beneficial enlightenment to the current cultural construction.