人工智能技术如何赋能特殊学生教育——基于美国中小学的实践经验

How can Artificial Intelligence Technology Empower the Education of Special Students——Based on the Practical Experience of American Primary and Secondary Schools

人工智能技术对满足特殊学生教育需要、提升教育质量具有重要推动作用。随着智能时代的到来,如何将人工智能技术融入特殊学生的教育教学实践中成为美国各界关注的问题。经验分析表明,美国学校在引入人工智能技术赋能特殊学生教育的过程中,形成了包括引入数据监测技术促进课堂教学管理精确化、依托智能文本转换确保信息获取途径无障碍、借助智能交互技术保障信息处理能力个性化以及运用智能辅助系统实现信息表达方式多样化的实现路径;构建了政策法律、基础条件、师资队伍与社会团体协同运作的保障体系,实现了人工智能技术在美国特殊学生教育中的有效实施与广泛应用。当前我国中小学正处于运用人工智能技术赋能特殊学生教育的起步阶段,需细化政策规划落地方案、促进校园智能教学设施升级、积极探索智能技术的应用路径、提升教师的技术应用能力并健全社会协同支持体系。

Artificial intelligence(AI)technology plays an important role in meeting the educational needs of special students and improving the quality of education.With the arrival of the intelligent era,how to integrate AI into the education and teaching practice for special students has become a concern to the United States.Empirical analysis showed that in the process of introducing AI to empower special students,American schools have formed a implementation path that includes using data monitoring technology to promote accurate management of classroom teaching,relying on intelligent text conversion to ensure the accessibility of information,using intelligent interactive technology to ensure the personalization of information processing ability,and using intelligent auxiliary systems to achieve diversified ways of information expression.The United States has established a guarantee system for the coordinated operation of policies and laws,basic conditions,teachers and social groups,and realized the effective implementation and wide application of AI in the education of special students.At present,primary and secondary schools in China are in the initial stage of using AI to empower special students.It is necessary to refine policies and plans,promote the upgrading of campus intelligent teaching facilities,explore the application path of intelligent technology,improve teachers’technical application ability and improve social collaborative support system.