农业社会化服务有助于提升农业绿色生产率吗?

Can Socialized Service of Agricultural Production Improve Agricultural Green Productivity?

从服务分工视角破解资源环境约束与农户行为的市场约束,探究农业社会化服务对农业绿色生产率的影响机制,旨在寻求实现农业可持续发展的可行路径。文章利用江西省9个县(市、区)34个村645个水稻种植农户抽样调查数据,构建非期望产出的SBM模型测算农业绿色生产率,同时采用Tobit模型检验农业社会化服务对农业绿色生产率的影响,并分析农户土地禀赋下的经营规模、土地细碎化、地块规模与农业社会化服务的交互作用。结果表明,样本农户的农业绿色生产率均值为0.48,仍处于较低水平;农业社会化服务对农业生产率具有显著的促进作用;伴随社会化服务参与程度的加深,即采纳社会化服务的农业生产环节越多,农户的农业绿色生产率水平越高;农户土地经营规模和地块规模的扩大,能够增强农业社会化服务对农业生产率的促进作用,而土地细碎化程度则会抑制这种促进效应。异质性分析发现,施肥服务和病虫害防治服务是促进农业绿色生产率提升的关键环节;进一步的机制分析发现,农业社会化服务通过诱导农户采纳农业绿色生产技术从而促进农业绿色生产率提升。据此,基于发展农业绿色生产,应促进农业社会化服务组织的发展与完善、引导农户开展适度土地规模经营,注重农户对农业绿色生产技术的采纳以促进农业绿色生产率提升。

In order to solve the resource and environmental constraints and the market constraints of farmers‘behavior,based on the perspective of socialized division of labor,we explore the influence mechanism of socialized agricultural services on agricultural green productivity,aiming to seek a feasible path to realize the sustainable development of agriculture.This paper uses 645 rice planting farmers from 34 villages in 9 counties in Jiangxi Province to construct unexpected SBM model to measure agricultural green productivity.Tobit model is used to test the influence of socialized service of agricultural on agricultural green productivity,and analyzes the interaction of operation land scale,land fragmentation,plot scale and agricultural socialization service under the land endowment of farmers.The results show that the average green productivity of the sample farmers is 0.48,still at a low level;the socialized agricultural service has a significant effect on promoting the agricultural green productivity;with the deepening of the participation of social service,the more agricultural production links to adopt the socialized service,the higher the green productivity level;further research found that the expansion of the land operation scale and plot scale can enhance the promotion of agricultural green productivity,while the degree of land fragmentation will inhibit this promotion effect.Heterogeneity analysis found that fertilization services and pest control services are the key links to promote the improvement of agricultural green productivity.Further mechanism analysis found that agricultural socialization services promote the improvement of agricultural green productivity by guiding farmers to adopt agricultural green production technologies.Accordingly,based on the development of the agricultural green production,it should promote the development and improvement of the agricultural socialized service organization,and guide the farmers to carry out the appropriate land scale operation,pay attention to farmers’adoption of agricultural green production technology,so as to promote the improvement of the agricultural green productivity.