德国马拉松赛事的城市全球联系网络时空演化与影响因素

Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Global City Network for Berlin Marathon in Germany

为探究体育维度的城市全球联系网络特征状况,以“流空间”为理论基础,运用社会网络分析和Pearson相关性分析,对2010-2019年基于马拉松受众群体的柏林全球联系网络时空演化及其影响因素进行研究。结果显示:(1)时序演化上,柏马参赛者来源国(地区)数量由119个增加至167个,除德国本地参赛者外,参赛者数量从34 003人上升至43 987人。(2)空间结构上,网络联系由118条增加至166条,网络密度由0.592增加至0.853,网络规模整体呈上升趋势,加权平均度由32.41增加至60.31,网络异质性由0.497降低至0.415,表明在柏林全球联系网络中,参赛者来源国(地区)不断增加且呈多样化上升趋势。(3)网络演化上,连线变化最显著的是亚洲和美洲区域,其次是非洲,大洋洲基本不变。(4)Pearson相关性分析发现,经济水平、交通运输、全球化水平、文化因素、社会因素是影响柏林全球联系网络时空演化的主要因素。

In order to explore the characteristics of the city’s global connection network from the perspective of sports, Berlin is selected as the research object, based on the theoretical basis of “Flow Space” and using Social Network Analysis and Pearson Correlation analysis. The 2010-2019 Berlin global connection based on the Marathon players Research on the temporal and spatial evolution of the network and its influencing factors are studied. The results show that:(1) In terms of time series evolution, the number of Berlin contestants’ origin countries(regions) has increased from 119 to 167. Except for local German contestants, the number of contestants has risen from 34 003 to 43 987.(2) In terms of spatial structure, network connections increased from 118 to 166, network density increased from 0.592 to 0.853, weighted average degree increased from 32.41 to 60.31, and network heterogeneity decreased from 0.497 to 0.415, indicating that the countries(regions) of origin of the contestants are constantly increasing and showing a diversified upward trend in Berlin global network.(3) In terms of network evolution, the most significant changes in connection are in Asia and the Americas, followed by Africa, and Oceania is basically unchanged.(4) Pearson’s correlation analysis found that economic level, transportation, globalization level, cultural factors, and social factors are the main factors affecting the temporal and spatial evolution of Berlin’s global network.