我国社会信用体系高质量发展需破解四大难题

On the Solution of Four Major Problems for the High-quality Development of China’s Social Credit System

社会信用体系是社会主义市场经济体制和社会治理体制的重要组成部分,也是国家治理现代化的重要标志。经过多年实践与探索,我国在推动地方信用立法、实施统一社会信用代码、搭建全国信用信息共享平台、完善信用奖惩制度、开展信用分级分类监管、促进信用信息融合应用、培育信用服务市场等方面取得了积极成效。当前,我国社会信用体系建设面临四大难题:一是信用数据的可用性问题;二是信用体系的边界问题;三是信用技术的标准问题;四是信用结果的公平性问题。“十四五”时期,建议强化数据综合治理、全面提升信用数据质量;加快国家层面信用立法,明晰信用信息归集、奖惩、应用及监管边界;建设统一的信用标准体系,提高信用融合应用的互通、互认、互信水平;健全信用评估机制、保障信用结果的亲贫性和相对公平,以信用促进共同富裕,推动社会信用体系高质量发展。

Social credit system is an important part of socialist market economy system and social governance system,and also an important symbol of national governance modernization.After years of practice and exploration,China has achieved positive results in promoting local legislation on credit,implementing the unified social credit code,building a national credit information sharing platform,improving credit reward and punishment system,carrying out supervision of different classifications and levels based on credit,promoting credit information integration and application,and fostering credit service market,etc.At present,the construction of China’s social credit system is facing four major problems,namely the availability of credit data,the boundary of credit system,the standard of credit technology and the fairness of credit results.During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,this article recommends that we should make efforts in four aspects to resolve the above problems:strengthening comprehensive data management and improving credit data quality;accelerating national credit legislation to clarify the boundaries of credit information collection,rewards and punishments,application and supervision;establishing a unified credit standard system and enhancing the level of interoperability,mutual recognition and mutual trust in credit integration and application;optimizing credit evaluation mechanism and safeguarding the pro-poorness and relative fairness of credit results to promote common prosperity with credit and the high-quality development of social credit system.