数字普惠金融能否推动共同富裕?——基于城乡收入差距视角

Can Digital Financial Inclusion Promote Common Prosperity?--Based on the Perspective of Urban-Rural Income gap

基于城乡收入分配视角,考察数字普惠金融对共同富裕的影响效用。利用北京大学公布的2011—2019年我国208个地级市的数字普惠金融指数,通过分位数回归模型和随机效应回归模型的实证方法,分析了数字普惠金融对不同城乡收入差距地区的异质性的影响。研究表明:数字普惠金融在不同的分位点上有利于缩小城乡收入差距,助力于实现共同富裕。数字普惠金融通过发挥减贫效应、降低支付门槛效应、降低非均衡效应三个角度缩小城乡收入差距。由于城乡之间、区域之间的数字普惠金融发展水平具有显著异质性,普惠金融在我国东、中、西部的作用水平也有差异。此外,在控制变量中,城镇化水平、经济发展水平、受教育水平多种因素也对城乡收入差距有显著影响。

Based on the perspective of urban and rural income distribution,this paper examines the impact and utility of digital inclusive finance on common prosperity.Using the digital financial inclusion index of 208 prefec⁃ture-level cities in China published by Peking University from 2011 to 2019,and the empirical methods of quantile regression model and random effect regression model,this paper analyzes the heterogeneity effect of digital financial inclusion on different urban-rural income gap areas.The research shows that digital financial inclusion is beneficial for narrowing the urban-rural income gap at different quantiles,thereby promoting the realization of common pros⁃perity.Digital inclusive finance narrows the urban-rural income gap by exerting the poverty reduction effect,lower⁃ing the payment threshold effect,and reducing the disequilibrium effect.As the urban-rural and regional digital in⁃clusive finance development levels have significant heterogeneity,inclusive finance also has different effect levels in the east,central,and west of China.In addition,urbanization,economic development,education,etc.,in the con⁃trol variables have significant effects on urban-rural income gap.