基于GIS技术的山地城市火灾风险评估体系构建及应用——以重庆中心城区为例

The Construction and Application of GIS-Based Fire Risk Assessment System in Mountain Cities : A Case of the Central Urban Area of Chongqing

本文在对重庆中心城区现状火灾风险特征分析的基础上,提出具典型山地特征且面向空间可视化分析的火灾风险指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各指标权重,综合运用GIS技术进行多层次多要素空间分析,识别重庆中心城区火灾风险等级区划并针对高风险地区提出安全措施建议。该方法及其应用实践,是山地城市火灾风险评估研究面向科学化、定量化及系统化发展的重要探索,可为类似城市相关研究提供参考。

Based on the analysis on the current fire risk characteristics in the central urban area of Chongqing, this paper proposes a fire risk index system with typical mountain characteristics and oriented to spatial visual analysis, uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index,comprehensively uses GIS technology to carry out multi-level and multi-element spatial analysis, identifies the fire risk grade division in the central urban area of Chongqing, and then puts forward safety measures and suggestions for high-risk areas. This method and its application practice is an important exploration for the scientific,quantitative and systematic development of fire risk assessment research in mountain cities, and can provide a reference for related research in similar cities.