20世纪中国文学通史与明清戏曲的经典化

The General History of Chinese Literature in the 20th Century and the Canonization of Ming-Qing Opera

20世纪中国文学通史受到现代学制的支持,对明清戏曲的经典化产生了重要影响:一方面,文学史书写使从前难登大雅之堂的明清戏曲“成了大学生的必修课”,获得了以中文系学生为主的大量读者,培养了许多明清戏曲研究专家,不断扩大其影响力;另一方面,文学史对明清戏曲的阐释成为明清戏曲经典的次生层,随着明清戏曲一起流传,主导了社会大众关于明清戏曲的认知。以20世纪的现代教育为背景,考察中国文学通史在明清戏曲经典化方面的特殊作用,有助于重新审视20世纪中国文学史中的明清戏曲叙述,对文学史的文化建设功能获得更加深切的认识。

The general history of Chinese literature in the 20th century was supported by the modern academic system and had an important impact on the canonization of Ming-Qing opera: on the one hand, the writing of literary history made Ming-Qing opera, which was previously difficult to enter the hall of elegance, “a compulsory course for college students”, won a large number of readers, mainly Chinese students, trained many experts in Ming-Qing opera research, and continuously expanded its influence;On the other hand, the interpretation of Ming-Qing opera in literary history has become a secondary layer of Ming-Qing opera classics, and along with the circulation of Ming-Qing opera, it has dominated the public’s cognition of Ming-Qing opera. Taking modern education in the 20th century as the background, examining the special role of the general history of Chinese literature in the canonization of Ming-Qing opera is helpful for us to re-examine the narrative of Ming-Qing opera in the history of Chinese literature in the 20th century, and gain a deeper understanding of the cultural construction function of literary history.