混合式植物生态岛对河道污水净化效果研究

Study on Purification Effect of Mixed Plant Ecological Island on River Sewage

选择5种水生植物(凤眼蓝、慈姑、水生美人蕉、千屈菜、垂花水竹芋),以未种植植物为对照,研究了水生植物混合种植对富营养化水体COD、TP、TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N的净化效果。结果表明:未种植物的对照组对水体污染物的去除效果不佳,而种植水生植物的各处理组均显示出较为明显的去除效果,其中组合1(凤眼蓝+慈姑+水生美人蕉)表现最为突出,其不但能在富营养化水体中得以良好生长,而且对水体中COD、TP、TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率最大,分别为31.71%、78.38%、46.91%和56.69%。因此,提出了从植物生长特性和生态效应等方面综合考量,在水体富营养化的植物修复中可优先考虑凤眼蓝+慈姑+水生美人蕉这一植物组合配置,该组合具有生长良好、水体污染物去除率较高等优点,是一种适宜的浮床系统植物组合形式。

In this study,the purification effects of mixed planting of aquatic plants on COD,TP,TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N in eutrophic water were investigated by selecting five kinds of aquatic plants(Eichhornia crassipes,Sagittaria sagittifolia L.,Cannaglauca,Lythrum salicaria L.,and Thalia geniculata L.)and using unplanted plants as control.The results showed that:the control group without plants had a poor effect on the removal of water pollutants,while the treatment groups with aquatic plants all showed obvious removal effect,among which combination 1(water hyacinth+arrowhead+canna)showed the most outstanding performance,which could not only grow well in eutrophic water.The removal rates of COD,TP,TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N were 31.71%,78.38%,46.91%and 56.69%,respectively.Therefore,from the aspects of plant growth characteristics and ecological effect of comprehensive consideration,in the phytoremediation of eutrophication of water bodies can be priority of plant configuration(water hyacinth+arrowhead+canna).This combination has the advantages of good growth and high water pollutant removal rate,which is a suitable plant combination form of floating bed systems.