高冰镍加压浸出技术

Pressure Leaching Technology of High Nickel Matte

高冰镍精炼主要采用直接电解法和加压浸出法两种工艺。随着新能源汽车行业快速发展,作为三元动力电池主要原料的硫酸镍市场需求不断扩大,加压浸出法得到越来越广泛的应用,成为行业主流工艺之一。本文分别对传统的控氧控温选择性加压浸出及最新产业化的高温氧压浸出两种处理高冰镍技术进行机理及优缺点分析:控氧控温选择性加压浸出工艺可实现镍钴与铜的高效分离,但存在金属直收率低,能耗高等不足,该工艺适用于含铜高的高冰镍湿法冶炼;针对因资源及市场原因导致高冰镍来源发生变化,新开发并产业化应用的高温氧压浸出技术工艺流程简单,浸出时间短,镍钴直收率及氧气利用率得到大幅提升,是处理红土镍矿源高冰镍的最优选择。

Direct electrolysis and pressure leaching are mainly used for further refining of high nickel matte.With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry,the market demand for nickel sulfate,the main raw material of the ternary power battery,has been expanding,and the pressure leaching method has been applied more and more,becoming the mainstream process of the industry.This paper analyzes the mechanism and advantages&disadvantages of two kinds of processing technology of high grade nickel respectively,the traditional selective pressure leaching with controlled oxygen and temperature,and the latest-industrialization oxygen pressure leaching with high temperature:the selective pressure leaching with controlled oxygen and temperature can realize high separation of nickel,cobalt and copper,but with low metal recovery efficiency and high energy consumption,and this process is suitable for wet smelting of high grade nickel containing high copper;in view of the change of the source of high nickel matte due to resources and market reasons,the newly-developed and industrialized-application oxygen pressure leaching with high temperature is the optimal choice for treating high nickel matte from laterite ore for its simple process,short leaching time,high nickel cobalt direct yield rate and high oxygen utilization rate.