秃杉不同种源试验及初步选择

Different Provenance Test and Preliminary Selection of Taiwania flousiana

对来自云南龙陵、云南昌宁、湖北利川、云南腾冲和云南福贡的5个秃杉种源实验林进行了调查与统计分析。结果表明:试验林24a生时,试验林的树高、胸径、材积、枝下高、冠幅平均值分别为12.31 m、16.4 cm、 0.1597 m3、6.51 m、3.22 m,变异系数分别为20.69%、27.72%、73.56%、25.25%和29.07%,生长性状差异大,变异丰富,为优良种源的选择提供了依据。树高、胸径、材积、枝下高和冠幅的种源遗传力分别为0.58、0.41、0.63、0.34和0.42,单株遗传力分别为0.33、0.19、0.26、0.11和0.28。根据种源各性状的遗传增益排名,选出1号种源为优良种源。并筛选出5株优良单株,树高、胸径和材积的平均值达18.2 m、28.78 cm和0.6009 m3,遗传增益的平均值达15.79%、14.34%和71.83%。所选优良种源和优良个体宜在福建省中高海拔山地等区域进行了推广种植,可作为秃杉第2代遗传改良提供育种材料。

Five experimental forests from Longling, Yunchangning, Lichuan, Tengchong and Fugong of Yunnan provenance were determined.When the experimental forests were 24 years old, the results showed that the average tree height, diameter breast-high(DBH), wood volume, height to crown base(HCB) and crown width of the experimental site were 12.31m, 16.4cm, 0.1597m, 6.51m and 3.22m, respectively, and the coefficient of variation were 20.69%, 27.72%, 73.56%, 25.25% and 29.07%, respectively. The difference of growth characters is great and the variation is abundant, which provides the basis for the selection of excellent provenances. The phylogenetic heritability of tree height, DBH, wood volume, HCB and crown width were 0.58, 0.41, 0.63, 0.34 and 0.42, respectively, and the individual plant heritability were 0.33, 0.19, 0.26, 0.11 and 0.28, respectively. According to the ranking of genetic gain of each trait, the No.1 provenances were selected as superior provenances. Five excellent individuals are also selected.Their average values of height, DBH and wood volume were 18.2m, 28.78cm and 0.6009m~3, and the average values of genetic gain were 15.79%, 14.34% and 71.83%. These excellent provenances and individuals should be promoted in the middle and high-altitude mountainous areas of Fujian Province, so as to provide breeding materials for the second generation of genetic improvement of Taiwania flousiana.