基于物联网技术的可移动式森林火灾气象监测站研究

Research on the Mobile Forest Fire Meteorological Monitoring Station Based on Internet of Things Technology

鉴于气象因素对森林火灾现场应急处置的影响,设计了基于物联网技术的可移动式森林火灾气象监测站。该气象站可用于监测林火易发区的温湿度、风速风向、气压以及气体浓度等气象因素,并具备全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System,GNSS)定位的窄带物联网(Narrow Band Internet of Things,NB-IoT)无线通信功能,220V转12V供电电路及12V太阳能充电电路两种供电方式,能够为科学、高效的决策分析提供快速、准确、全面的气象数据支撑,提升森林火灾事件应急响应能力,最大限度地降低森林火灾造成的生命财产损失。

Considering the meteorological factors in the process of forest fire emergency disposal, this paper studies the mobile forest fire meteorological monitoring station based on Internet of things technology. The station is used to monitor a series of meteorological factors at forest fire prone area, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, pressure and gas concentration. Besides, it can also provide Narrow Band Internet of Things(NB-IoT) wireless communication function with Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) positioning and two kinds of power-supply modes, which is 220V to 12V power supply circuit and 12V solar energy charging circuit. This equipment is used to provide rapid, accurate and comprehensive meteorological data support for scientific and effective decision of forestry managements, and to promote the emergency responsiveness capability of forest fire, thereby minimizing the life and property lose.