军校医学生性格优势、坚毅对生活满意度、情绪的影响

Influence of character strengths and grit on life satisfaction and emotion of medical students in military academies

目的探讨军校医学生性格优势、坚毅对生活满意度、情绪的影响,为提高其心理健康水平提供依据。方法以某军校464名医学生为调查对象,采用性格优势问卷、坚毅量表、生活满意度、正性负性情绪和抑郁量表进行施测,并进行统计分析。结果军校医学生的亲和力、生命力、意志力、坚毅、生活满意度、正、负性情绪、抑郁平均得分分别为(4.25±0.58),(4.02±0.66),(3.92±0.64),(3.42±0.54),(4.93±1.27),(3.72±0.72),(2.34±0.84)以及(0.62±0.61)。在民族、是否独生子女上,各变量差异均无统计学意义;在性别上,男生的性格优势、坚毅、生活满意度、正性情绪得分均显著高于女生,而负性情绪和抑郁低于女生;不同家庭条件方面,负性情绪和抑郁得分差异具有统计学意义。回归分析结果表明,生命力和兴趣的一致性对生活满意度有预测作用(β=0.622,P<0.001;β=-0.082,P<0.05);生命力和坚持不懈努力对正性情绪有预测作用(β=0.542,P<0.001;β=0.175,P<0.01);坚毅和家庭条件对负性情绪有预测作用(β=-0.337,P<0.001;β=0.127,P<0.01);生命力、兴趣的一致性和家庭条件对抑郁有预测作用(β=-0.426,P<0.001;β=-0.171,P<0.001;β=0.115,P<0.05)。结论性格优势和坚毅对军校医学生的生活满意度、情绪和抑郁状况有显著影响,军校应该注重培养学员的性格优势与坚毅,形成军校医学生的积极心理特质,为提高部队战斗力服务。

Objective To explore the effects of character strengths and grit on life satisfaction and emotion of medical students in military academies,and to provide basis for improving their mental health level.Methods A total of 464 military medical university students were surveyed and analyzed by the character strengths questionnaire,grit scale,satisfaction with life scale,positive and negative Affect Scale and depression scale.Results The average score of relationship,vitality,conscientiousness,grit,life satisfaction,positive affect,negative affect,depression was(4.25±0.58),(4.02±0.66),(3.92±0.64),(3.42±0.54),(4.93±1.27),(3.72±0.72),(2.34±0.84)and(0.62±0.61),respectively.The scores of all variables were not significantly different on ethnic group and the only child.The scores of male students on character strengths,grit,life satisfaction and positive affect were significantly higher than that of female students,while the scores of negative affect and depression were lower than that of female students.The scores of negative affect and depression were significantly different on family conditions.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that vitality and consistency of interests had predictive effects on life satisfaction(β=0.622,P<0.001;β=-0.082,P<0.05);vitality and perseverance of efforthad predictive effects on positive affect(β=0.542,P<0.001;β=0.175,P<0.01);grit and family conditions had predictive effects on negative affect(β=-0.337,P<0.001;β=0.127,P<0.01);vitality,consistency of interests and family conditions had predictive effects on depression(β=-0.426,P<0.001;β=-0.171,P<0.001;β=0.115,P<0.05).Conclusion Character strengths and grit have a significant impact on life satisfaction and emotion of medical students in military academies.Military academies should pay attention to cultivating students’character strengths and grit,forming positive psychological characteristics of military medical students,and serving to improve the combat effectiveness of the army.