挥发性有机物(VOCs)治理:技术进展及政策探析

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)treatment:technology progress and policy analysis

挥发性有机物(VOCs)是形成PM_(2.5)和O_(3)的重要前体物,与SO_(2)、NOx、颗粒物的污染控制相比,VOCs的污染治理相对薄弱,已成为目前我国大气环境治理的短板。介绍了VOCs的定义、来源、种类及危害;分析了近十年来生态环境部等部门制定的VOCs治理的技术政策、整治方案、排放标准;重点详述了各种VOCs治理回收技术(吸附法、吸收法、冷凝法、膜分离法)、销毁技术(低温等离子体、光催化氧化、生物法、燃烧法)、组合技术的进展、优势与不足、适用范围等;根据对各种VOCs治理技术的理解,结合VOCs治理的有关政策要求,对新建及已有VOCs治理设施改造给出了技术选择的一些原则性建议。

VOCs are important precursors for the formation of PM_(2.5) and O_(3).Compared with the pollution control of SO_(2),NOx and particulate matter,the pollution control of VOCs is relatively weak,which has become a shortcoming in China′s atmospheric environment control.The definition,source,type and harm of VOCs were introduced.The technical policies,treatment schemes and emission standards for the VOCs treatment formulated by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in the past decade were analyzed,with focus on elaborating the progress,advantages and disadvantages,and scope of application of various VOCs treatment technologies,such as recycling technologies(adsorption,absorption,condensation,membrane separation),destruction technologies(low-temperature plasma,photocatalytic oxidation,biological method,combustion method),and combined technologies.Based on the understanding of various VOCs treatment technologies and in combination with the relevant policy requirements for VOCs treatment,some suggestions on the technology selection principle for new and renovation of existing VOCs treatment facilities were given.