释“探本”:钱锺书的诗品伦理学——“批本随园诗话”现代版

Explain“Tracing the Original”:“Ethics of Poetic Criticism”of Qian Zhongshu——Modern Version of Suiyuan Shihua with Annotations

欲证明钱锺书不仅是现代学界最擅品鉴文学趣味的杰出专家,且是能从古籍读出批评史视野暨美学睿智的大理论家,范例之一,便是系统爬梳钱氏从《谈艺录》到《管锥编》,针对清代迄今300余年流传甚广甚久的《随园诗话》,围绕“探本”今释,所提炼出的一套既具国粹特色,又闪烁着现代思辨光泽的“诗品伦理学”。“诗品伦理学”含三个定律:一是“诗论尺度”须诉诸“町畦”,即在有限语境中说有效的话;二是“诗例笺释”须讲究读“全篇”,切忌“摘句”;三是袁枚在“诗论尺度”“诗例笺释”有悖“探本”或“探而未本”,病根是在袁枚“心乱”,做不到“心不待境静而静”,屡屡借诗话渔利,其借诗话渔利之手法主要有“权门保驾”“闺秀站队”“追星红利”三种。

Qian Zhongshu is not only an expert with very high literary taste in modern academic circles, but also a great theorist who have the vision of critical history and aesthetic wisdom from ancient Chinese classics.He studied Yuan Mei’s Suiyuan Shihua in Tan Yi LU and Guan ZHUI BIAN, and extracted a set of “Ethics of Poetic Criticism” with Chinese characteristics and modern speculative colors.“Ethics of Poetic Criticism” contains three laws: one is to say effective words in a limited context;Second, the interpretation of the poem should be based on the whole content of the poem, not only according to the content of the poem;Third, Yuan Mei did not make a fair and objective evaluation of poetry, the reason lies in Yuan Mei’s evaluation of poetry mixed with selfishness, want to gain personal benefits.Yuan Mei used evaluation of poetry to gain personal benefits, including touting officials, touting women of status, and tracking the hot celebrity of the time.