仪式传播中的意义生产及村落共同体的认同研究——以贵州省黔东南州占里村为例

Research on Meaning Production in Ritual Communication and Identity of Village Community——Taking Zhanli Village,Qiandongnan Prefecture,Guizhou Province as An Example

传播是共同体得以创造和维系的根本所在。在传播中,存在着传递观与仪式观两种观点。相对于传递观来说,仪式观更能体现共同体的文化记忆和精神信仰。文章以占里村为个案,对仪式传播在占里村的村落共同体的共识性意义生产、村落共同体认同中的价值进行了研究。研究发现,占里村为仪式传播提供了较好的物理空间和文化空间,通过集体婚礼、寨老训诫、祭萨、换花等仪式,占里村的村落共同体观念得以不断强化,村民们在仪式传播中生产、固化和强化着具有村落共同体的共识性意义——公正处事、杜绝恶习、保护生态、实现村寨的可持续发展等。在村落共同体的认同方面,通过仪式传播,村民对各种仪式产生了功能、文化及情感依恋路径,并通过仪式传播塑造了良好的村落共同体形象、找到了足以慰藉心灵的归属感、产生了一套族群信仰体系,使个体成员对村落共同体的认同感得以不断提升。

Communication is the foundation for the creation and maintenance of the community.In communication,there are two views:transmission view and ritual view.Compared with the transmission view,the ritual view can better reflect the cultural memory and spiritual belief of the community.Taking Zhanli Village as a case,this paper studies the value of ritual communication in the production of consensus meaning of the village community and the identity of the village community in Zhanli Village.The study found that Zhanli Village provided a good physical space and cultural space for the dissemination of rituals.Through such ceremonies as collective weddings,admonitions from village elders,sacrificing sacrificial sacrificial offerings,and changing flowers,Zhanli Village’s concept of village community was continuously strengthened,and villagers were able to spread the word during the ceremony.In the process of production,solidification and strengthening,the consensus significance of the village community-doing things justly,eliminating bad habits,protecting the ecology,and realizing the sustainable development of the village,etc.In terms of the identity of the village community,through the communication of rituals,villagers have developed functional,cultural and emotional attachment paths to various rituals,and through the communication of rituals,they have shaped a good image of the village community,found a sense of belonging enough to comfort the soul,and produced a sense of belonging.A set of ethnic belief systems enables individual members to continuously improve their sense of identity with the village community.