妇女高危HPV亚型分布与宫颈病变的相关性

Correlation between the distribution of high-risk HPV subtypes and cervical lesions in women

目的:探究妇女高危人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papilloma virus,HR-HPV)亚型分布与宫颈病变的相关性。方法:选取2018年1月至2021年12月在昆山市第二人民医院就诊的295例宫颈病变患者为研究对象,采用聚合酶链式反应-反向点杂交技术检测HPV分型,根据临床病理结果(阴道镜活检)将295例分为低级别组、高级别组、宫颈癌(cervical cancer,CC)组,统计各组HR-HPV感染情况。结果:在295例患者中,HR-HPV阳性有174例,感染率为58.98%(174/295),其中单一感染占比为70.11%(122/174),多重感染占比为29.89%(52/174)。低级别组、高级别组、CC组HR-HPV感染率分别为41.67%、68.00%、88.00%,各组间比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。不同宫颈病变组中,41~60岁年龄段患者HR-HPV感染率显著高于其他年龄段(P<0.05)。低级别组HR-HPV感染位于前3位的亚型分别是58、16、52型;高级别组HR-HPV感染亚型主要为16、58、52、33型;CC组以16、18、33型为主;CC组HR-HPV-16、HR-HPV-18感染率显著高于高级别组和低级别组(P<0.05)。结论:妇女宫颈病变级别与HR-HPV亚型及感染率有关,41~60岁是妇女HR-HPV感染高发阶段,应予以高度重视,及时进行HR-HPV亚型筛查。

Objective: To investigate the correlation between high-risk human papilloma virus(HR-HPV) subtype distribution and cervical lesions in women. Methods: A total of 295 patients with cervical lesions treated in Kunshan Second People’s Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as research objects. HPV typing was detected by polymerase chain reaction-reverse dot hybridization. According to the clinical pathological results(colposcopy biopsy), 295 patients were divided into a low-level group, a high-level group, and a cervical cancer(CC) group, and HR-HPV infection in each group was counted. Results: Among the 295 patients, 174 cases were HR-HPV positive, and the infection rate was 58.98%(174/295). The single infection accounted for 70.11%(122/174), and the multiple infection accounted for 29.89%(52/174). The infection rates of HR-HPV in the low-level group, the high-level group, and the CC group were 41.67%, 68.00%, and 88.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05). The HR-HPV infection rate in patients aged 41–60 years old in different cervical lesions was significantly higher than that in other age groups(P<0.05). The top three subtypes of HR-HPV infection in the low-level group were 58, 16, and 52, respectively. HR-HPV infection subtypes in the high-level group were mainly 16, 58, 52, and 33. The mainly subtypes in the CC group were mainly type 16, 18, 33. The infection rates of HR-HPV-16 and HR-HPV-18 in the CC group were significantly higher than those in the high-level group and the low-level group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The level of cervical lesions in women is related to HR-HPV subtypes and infection rate. Woman aged 41–60 years are the high incidence stage of HR-HPV infection, who should be highly valued and HR-HPV subtypes should be screened in time.