科学研究独特性及其测度研究

On the Uniqueness of Scientific Research and Its Measurement

[目的/意义]研究独特性是不同科研主体获得长期竞争力的关键,全面理解和准确测度研究独特性对于提升科研评价的客观性以及科研政策的科学性至关重要。[方法/过程]基于科学计量学视角与方法,对研究独特性的基础理论与测度方法进行研究。首先,对研究独特性的定义进行界定,提出包含研究独有性、优势性和变化能力的内涵框架;其次,从主体层面、领域范围和知识计量单元3个维度对研究独特性测度的类型和适用性进行探讨;最后,构建出包含3个层面8个指标的研究独特性测度体系,并以我国情报学主要研究机构为例进行实证分析。[结果/结论]该内涵框架和测度体系可以较为全面和准确地分析和测度主体的研究独特性。研究独特性不同特征之间存在着一定的相关性,不同特征对机构后续科研表现具有不同的影响。

[Purpose/significance]The research uniqueness is the key to long-term competitiveness of different research subjects.Comprehensively understanding and accurately measuring research uniqueness of research subjects is important to improve the objectivity of research evaluation and the scientificity of research policy.[Method/process]Based on the perspective and method of scientometrics basic theory and measurement method of research uniqueness are studied.Firstly the definition of research uniqueness is analyzed and a connotation framework including research exclusivity superiority and change ability is proposed.Secondly the types and applicability of research uniqueness measurement are discussed from three dimensions:subject level research field scope and knowledge measurement unit.Finally a research uniqueness measurement system including 3 levels and 8 indicators is constructed and an empirical analysis is carried out by taking main research institutions of Information Science in China as an example.[Result/conclusion]It is found that the connotation framework and measurement system can comprehensively and accurately analyze and measure research uniqueness of the subjects.There is a certain correlation between different characteristics of research uniqueness.And different characteristics have different effects on the follow-up research performance of institutions.