政策工具视角下我国美育政策的特征与改进

On the Characteristics and Improvement of Chinese Aesthetic Education Policy from the Perspective of Policy Instruments Theory

学校美育工作的大力开展离不开党和国家一系列行之有效的政策决策所发挥的全局性和导向性作用。本文以“政策工具类型(X轴)-美育政策层次(Y轴)”为分析框架,对美育工作的具体实施方案、指导意见等政策文本进行量化分析,发现我国美育政策呈现政策体系初成、政策工具使用综合化、部门协同制定等特征,但各层次政策间衔接松散、多元政策工具缺乏科学组合配置、政策制定的参与主体出现类聚等问题也显而易见。完善我国美育政策,提升政策执行效果,需加强美育薄弱领域的政策供给、发挥美育政策多元主体的合力效应,并根据美育政策执行效果及时调整、组合政策工具。

The vigorous development of school aesthetic education can not be separated from the overall and guiding role of a series of effective policy decisions of the party and the country. Based on the perspective of the types of policy instruments, with the analysis framework of “policy instruments classification(X axis)-three levels of aesthetic education policy(Y axis)”,this paper makes a quantitative analysis on the policy text of the specific implementation plan and guiding opinion of the aesthetic education. It is found that the aesthetic education policy system in China has been initially formed, but the relation density between different levels of policies is not strong.The content of aesthetic education policy shows the characteristics of comprehensive use of policy instruments, but the distribution of different policy instruments such as capacity building, command and incentive reflects the imbalance of policy supply.The main body of the aesthetic education policy making appears to be clustered.To improve China’s aesthetic education policy and the policy implementation, it is necessary to strengthen policy supply in weak areas, improve the coordination and participation of multi-subjects, and actively introduce new policy instruments when necessary.