用于不锈钢的M42高速钢钻头的切削性能研究

Study on Cutting Performance of Stainless Steel DrillMade by M42 High Speed Steel

不锈钢难以被切削加工,包括钻削。为了解钻头的化学成分、硬度和显微组织对其钻削不锈钢的性能的影响,进行了钻削试验:即分别采用日本、我国台湾和韩国生产的成分有差异、切削刃的硬度相近、直径为10 mm的M42钢直柄麻花钻,在硬度≤187 HB的304不锈钢试块上钻154个盲孔。结果表明:硬度为67.7~67.9 HRC,适当降低含碳量,减少了大颗粒碳化物,碳化物细小、弥散分布,均有利于改善钻头钻削不锈钢的性能,避免钻头发生大块崩刃等现象。

Stainless steel is difficult to be machined, including drilling. To understand the effect of chemicalcomposition, hardness and microstructure of drill on itsability drill stainless steel, thedrilling tests were performedby using 10-mm-diam M42 steel straight shank twist drills having slightly different composition and near cuttingedge hardness made in Japan, Taiwan of our countryand Korea to drill 154 blind holes in a 304 stainless steel testblock with hardness of up to 187 HB, respectively. The results showed that hardnesses of 67.7 to 67.9HRC,appropriate reduction in carbon content, decrease in large-granular carbides, fine and dispersively distributedcarbides all conduced toimprovement in the ability of the drill to drill stainless steel, and rendered the drillsimmune from occurrence of phenomenon such as heavy breaking edge.