防疫豁免政策下洲际航线飞行员睡眠状况恢复效果评价

Effect Evaluation of Sleep Recovery of Intercontinental Airline Pilots under Epidemic Prevention Exemption Policy

为评价防疫政策下洲际航线不豁免航班与豁免航班运行类型对飞行员睡眠恢复情况的影响,验证豁免政策的科学性和合理性。在防疫豁免政策实施期间选取中国某大型航空公司15名飞行员,记录每位飞行员在两种防疫政策下洲际航线飞行前后的睡眠数据。使用AG(ActiGraph wGT3X-BT)睡眠监测手环记录的飞行前后8阶段的睡眠指标,通过主观疲劳卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表(Karolinska sleepiness scale,KSS)和客观指标精神运动警觉度测试(psychomotor vigilance task,PVT)的疲劳等级相结合评估飞行前后2阶段的疲劳特征。通过配对样本t检验分析飞行前后机组人员的睡眠质量,不豁免和豁免分组间去程和返程的睡眠质量监测指标均无显著差异(P>0.05),飞行后睡眠和疲劳指数更差(P<0.05)。通过重复方差分析法比较豁免政策下的睡眠恢复情况得出,不豁免航班与豁免航班无显著差异(P>0.05),都能在飞行后2 d恢复至飞行前的良好水平。结果表明,豁免航班和不豁免航班洲际航线飞行过程中睡眠质量和睡眠恢复情况无明显差异。从睡眠受限与恢复的角度讨论了豁免政策的可行性,为飞行机组人员的睡眠监测及作业任务的设定提供参考。

In order to evaluate the impact of non-exempted flights and types of exempted flights on pilots’sleep recovery under the epidemic prevention policy,and verify the scientific and rationality of the exemption policy.During the implementation of epidemic prevention exemption policies,15 pilots from a large domestic airline were selected to record the sleep data of each pilot before and after the intercontinental flights under the two epidemic prevention policies.The sleep index of 8 stages before and after flight was recorded by AG(ActiGraph wGT3X-BT)sleep monitoring bracelet,and the fatigue characteristics of 2 stages before and after flight were evaluated by combining the subjective fatigue Karolinska sleepiness scale(KSS)and the fatigue grade of objective index psychomotor vigilance task(PVT).Paired sample t-test was used to analyze the sleep quality of flight crew before and after flight.There was no significant difference in the sleep quality monitoring indexes of departure and return flight between non-exempted groups and exempted groups(P>0.05),and the sleep and fatigue indexes after flight were worse(P<0.05).Repeat variance analysis was used to compare the sleep recovery under the exemption policy.There was no significant difference between the non-exemption flights and the exemption flights(P>0.05),and both flights could recover to the good level before the flight two days after the flight.The results show that there is no significant difference in sleep quality and sleep recovery between exempted and non-exempted intercontinental flights.The feasibility of the exemption policy is discussed from the perspective of sleep restriction and recovery,which can provide reference for the sleep monitoring and task setting of flight crew.