汽车预碰撞制动下乘员离位影响及参数优化分析

Analysis on the Influence of Occupant Displacement and Parameter Optimization Under Pre-crash Braking Condition

对于汽车制动后发生的碰撞工况,乘员前倾将会增加人体损伤风险。本文进行了汽车预碰撞制动下乘员离位影响及参数优化分析研究。通过实车制动试验得到车辆在不同制动工况下的乘员颈部前向位移量分布区间;建立了MADYMO主动人体仿真模型,采用变量分析法研究不同制动波形下乘员离位特征;运用正交设计方法进行滑台碰撞试验,得到乘员离位因子对乘员碰撞损伤影响;建立乘员响应面模型,采用中心复合试验设计(Central composite design)方法,研究了主动式安全带参数与乘员离位位移之间的相关性,通过优化设计,得到了最优参数组合。

The occupant leaning forward will increase the human injury risk under collision conditions after vehicle braking. In this paper, occupant out of position effect and parameter optimization analysis and research are carried out under the pre-collision braking.The forward displacement interval of the occupant′s neck under different braking conditions is obtained through the real vehicle braking test. The MADYMO active human body simulation model is established. The variable analysis method is used to study the characteristics of occupant out of position with different braking waveforms. The orthogonal design method is used to conduct sled impact test to obtain the influence of the occupant dislocation factor on the occupant collision injury. The occupant response surface model is established, using the central composite test design(Central composite design) method to study the correlation between the active seat belt parameters and the occupant′s forward displacement out of position, and the optimal parameter combination is obtained by optimizing the design.