变体飞机智能结构技术进展

Smart Structure Technology Progress of Morphing Aircraft

具有可变外形特征的变体飞机能始终保持最佳飞行状态,满足多种任务需求,是未来飞行器的重大技术方向。本文从变体飞机的背景出发,论述了变体飞机的结构组成和能力需求,阐述了变体飞机结构的关键技术(如柔性结构技术、驱动/控制技术和状态感知技术)的研究现状与发展方向,提出智能材料柔性结构、分布式驱动/控制系统与微小传感器一体化是未来变体结构的主方向。同时指出,4D打印技术在设计和制造智能材料柔性结构方面具有很大的应用潜力。本文的研究为变体飞机智能结构设计和关键技术研究提供了参考,对于未来变体飞机的发展具有指导意义。

A morphing aircraft can change its configuration to hold the best flight state.For this reason,a morphing aircraft has the ability to complete many different tasks.It is a major technical direction of aircraft.Based on the background of morphing plane,this paper expounds the structure composition and capability requirements.Three technologies,including flexible structure technology,drive/control technology and state perception technology,are described in detail about the research status and development direction.This paper points out that the main direction of the future morphing plane structure is the integration of smart material and flexile structure,distributed drive control system and micro sensors.Furthermore,this paper points out that 4D printing technology has great potential in design and manufacturing intelligent material and flexile structure.This study provides a reference of smart structure design and key technology research for morphing aircraft,and has guiding significance for the development of future morphing aircraft.