水果中农药残留的表面增强拉曼光谱技术快速检测研究

Study on Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residues in Fruits by Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

为了建立水果中农药残留的快速检测方法,通过过氧化氢和浓硫酸处理制备疏水化的硅片基底,采用静电吸附法将金纳米粒子组装到硅片基底表面,形成硅片/金纳米粒子复合基底,将水果中残留的福美双、百草枯和啶虫脒等3种农药经抽提后滴加到复合基底上,采用表面增强拉曼光谱技术进行检测。结果表明,福美双、百草枯和啶虫脒的方法线性范围分别为0.20~2.00、0.05~0.50、0.20~2.00 mg/kg,最低检测浓度分别为0.20、0.05、0.20 mg/kg。该方法应用于苹果、橘子和梨等水果的农药残留量分析,回收率在94.5%~120.0%之间,相对标准偏差均在15%以下。该方法具有较高的准确度和精确度,适用于水果农药残留的快速检测。

In order to establish a rapid detection method for pesticide residues in fruits by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, the hydrophobic silicon substrate was prepared by hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, and the gold nanoparticles were self-assembled on the surface of silicon substrate by the electrostatic adsorption method to form a silicon/gold nanoparticle composite substrate. The residues of thiram, paraquat and acetamiprid in fruit were extracted and then dropped onto the composite substrate, and detected by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the linear ranges of the detection method for formediol, paraquat and acetamiprid were 0.20-2.00, 0.05-0.50,0.20-2.00 mg/kg, respectively, and the lowest detection concentrations were 0.20, 0.05, 0.20 mg/kg, respectively. While the method applied in the analysis of thiram, paraquat and acetamiprid in apple, orange and pear, the recoveries were94.5%-120.0%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 15%. The method is highly accurate and reliable,which is suitable for the rapid detection of pesticide residues in different fruits.