新型农业经营主体信用水平的实证分析

An Empirical Study on the Factors Influencing the Credit Level of New Agricultural Business Entities

本文采集四川省183个县(市、区)的41231户新型农业经营主体样本数据,实证研究了新型农业经营主体信用水平影响因素。研究发现:(1)农业生产经营收入在其总收入中占比提高,显著提升了其信用水平;(2)相对于资产,收入与支出对其信用水平的影响更为显著,而且抵质押担保并不能降低其信贷违约概率;(3)是否个体工商户、经营者性别及婚姻状况等个性化特征对其信用水平的影响明显。研究结果给我们的启示是:新型农业经营主体信用特征已经发生变化,基于传统农户的信贷思维需要改变;要借助大数据等金融科技手段,加大对新型农业经营主体的信用贷款投放,走出片面依赖抵质押担保放贷的固有思维误区;要进一步引导新型农业经营主体聚焦农业生产主业,提高收入水平和发展质量,培植更高的信用水平;要持之以恒培养契约精神,增强风险意识,建设良好的金融生态环境。

This study empirically examined the influencing elements of the credit level of new agricultural business enti.ties using sample data of 41231 new agricultural business entities from 183 counties(cities, districts) in Sichuan Prov.ince. The study discovered that:(1) percentage of agricultural production income increased in human’s total income, sig.nificantly raising its credit rating;(2) income and expenditure have a greater impact on credit than assets, and collateral guarantees cannot lower the likelihood of a default on loans;(3) individual businesses or not, business operators’ gender and his marital status, and other unique characteristics have a significant impact on credit ratings. The findings of the study provide insight into how credit features of modern agricultural operations have altered and how conventional farm.ers should think about credit;big data and other financial and technological tools should be used in order that credit loans to new agricultural business entities would be increased, and break free from the ingrained mentality of one-sided reliance on mortgage and pledge guarantee loans. The government should also direct new agricultural operators to focus on agricultural production, improve income levels and development quality, and cultivate higher credit levels. Govern.ments and agriculture entities should persistently cultivate the spirit of contract, enhance risk awareness and build a good financial ecological environment.