茶叶采摘技术及采茶机械研究进展

Research Progress on Mechanical Tea Plucking

茶叶采摘技术是茶叶加工过程中至关重要的一步,对茶叶的质量具有重要作用。因此,综述茶叶采摘技术及采摘机械研究进展,重点从采茶机的行走方式、操作方式、切割器结构、智能控制等部分中总结其存在的问题及研究现状,由此指出采茶机存在机采效率较高但无法达到精细采摘要求、对芽叶缺乏选择性等问题,同时提出我国茶园机械化采摘技术仍需加大研发力度,克服现有困难,掌握新方法,开拓新模式,实现更全面、更高水平的茶园机械化,为采茶机的创新设计提供参考。

Hand plucking leaves is a traditional and labor-intensive operation in tea making.The operation is crucial for the quality of a finished tea product.Thus,in transition from manual to mechanized plucking in order to improve the efficiency and reduce the laborious workload,careful evaluation and planning must be exercised.This article summarizes the recent progress on the technological development as well as the obstacles remained to overcome on the mechanization of tea plucking.First and foremost,the moving and operating modes as well as the cutting,controlling,and other mechanical parts of the device must be efficient and satisfactory in performing the refined,selective,and precise leaf-picking.To date,there are still much research and development to be conducted in addition to the mechanical aspects,especially,the plantation management under the revolutionary new approach.It was hoped that the timely and practical references provided by this review would be of help to the machine design as well as operation training for the upcoming industrial advancement.