嵌合抗原受体T细胞结构设计的研究进展

Advances in Structural Designs of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells——Review

嵌合抗原受体(CAR)-T细胞疗法在复发难治性血液恶性肿瘤中的应用已经取得了令人鼓舞的临床疗效,但在靶向杀伤特异性、有效性以及安全性等方面均存在一定的挑战。近年来,国内外研究人员为解决CAR-T细胞疗法所存在的问题在CAR基因结构优化方面进行了深入的研究。本文主要阐述CAR基因中胞外结构域、跨膜区和胞内结构域的优化以及新型CAR基因设计,为进一步提高CAR-T细胞疗法的安全性和有效性提供新信息。

Although chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T therapy has produced remarkable clinical responses for patients with relapsed or refractory hematological malignancies,setbacks were experienced,including antigen escape and heterogeneity,its efficacy and safety issues.In recent years,researchers at home and abroad are addressing the current obstacles by digging deeply into structural optimization of CAR gene in order to solve the problems of CAR-T cell therapy.In this review,we mainly illustrate the ectodomain structure,transmemberane domain,and endodomain structure,and new designs which promote persistence of CAR-T cells in vivo,so as to provide new ideas for improving the safety and the efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy.