气管导管套囊高压的影响因素及并发症的预防

Influencing factors and prevention of complications resulting from increased endotracheal tube cuff pressures during endotracheal intubation

气管插管是通过建立人工气道抢救和治疗危重患者的重要措施。气管导管套囊压力的监测是人工气道管理的重要组成部分。多种因素均可导致套囊压力增高,引起咽痛、咳嗽、气道炎症和气道狭窄等多种并发症,对患者术后恢复产生较多不良影响。为减少套囊高压相关并发症的发生,增强麻醉科医师套囊压监控管理意识,本文将从影响套囊压力变化的因素和套囊高压所致并发症的预防进行综述,以期为管理气管插管提供参考。

The establishment of an artificial airway by tracheal intubation is an important method to rescue and treat critically ill patients.Monitoring tracheal cuff pressure is a crucial part of airway management.A variety of factors can lead to increased tracheal cuff pressure,which can cause numerous kinds of complications such as sore throat,cough,airway inflammation,airway stenosis,etc.,thus exerting adverse effects on patients’postoperative recovery.In order to reduce the complications related to high tracheal cuff pressure,it is extremely critical to enhance the anesthesiologists’awareness of tracheal cuff monitoring and management.In this paper,it will review the factors that influence the tracheal cuff pressure and discuss the prevention and treatment of complications caused by the increased endotracheal tube cuff pressures,thus providing a reference for the management of endotracheal intubation.