网络时代学习理论构建十年回顾、反思与展望——从新建构主义到重构主义

A Decade of Review,Reflection and Prospect of Learning Theory Construction in the Network Era—From New Constructivism to Reconstructivism

新建构主义理论是一种诞生于本土的网络时代学习与创新理论,经历了理论初创阶段、理论细化阶段和理论发展阶段,产生了较大的社会影响,并在教育教学实践中得到一定程度的应用。然而,其发展过程中也一直伴随各种质疑,面临危机与挑战。新建构主义的基本原理和主要观点仍具有强大的生命力,并将越来越重要。社会化学习尤其是群体化学习的兴起,以及Web3.0时代的到来,为新建构主义理论的发展与应用提供了新机遇。作为一种不断发展与丰富的阐释性理论,新建构主义一词已不足以概括当前理论的本质与全貌,研究将其重新命名为重构主义(Reconstructivism),并对该理论的新知识观、新学习观、新教学观和包容性思维等四大构成部分进行了系统梳理。

New Constructivism theory is a local theory of learning and innovation in the network era,and it has been more than 10 years since it was proposed in 2011.It has experienced the initial stage of theory creation,theory refinement and theory development,and has produced a great social impact and has been applied to a certain extent in education and teaching practice.However,its development process has been accompanied by various doubts and faced with crises and challenges.The basic principles and main viewpoints of new constructivism still have strong vitality and will become more and more important.The rise of social learning,especially group learning,and the advent of the Web3.0 era provide new opportunities for the development and application of New Constructivism theory.As an evolving and enriching interpretative theory,the term New Constructivism is no longer enough to summarize the essence and overall picture of the current theory,and it is renamed Reconstructivism.This paper systematically combs the four major components of the theory:new view of knowledge,new view of learning,new view of teaching and learning,and inclusive thinking.