葡萄入药史考述——以中医药典籍为中心

Textual Research on the Medicinal History of Grapes:Centered on the Classics of Traditional Chinese Medicine

葡萄是通过丝绸之路传入中原的物质文明,葡萄一入中原,即被广泛使用,可食用、可酿酒、可入药。中文文献记载的葡萄入药最早见于《神农本草经》,此后历代医家不断积累和完善葡萄入药经验,葡萄果、葡萄根、葡萄籽、葡萄叶等均可入药。学界研究葡萄的成果丰富,但研究葡萄入药的成果却甚少。通过详细梳理中医药典籍中的葡萄相关文献,探讨葡萄在中医药典籍中的演变历程,总结历代医家使用葡萄的经验和规律,在此基础上研究葡萄在中医药发展史上的意义和药用价值,并为现代医药学家使用和发掘葡萄丰富的药用价值提供借鉴。

Grapes is one of the material civilizations that was introduced into the Central Plains through the Silk Road. They were widely used as food, wine and medicine since its import. The first documentary record of grape medicine was in Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic. Since then, ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) physicians have accumulated and improved the experience of grape medicine. Grape fruits, grape roots, grape seeds and grape leaves can be used as medicines. Scholars have explored plenty of its usage as fruit,but few as medicine. The related literatures of grapes in the classics of TCM are sorted out in detail, the evolution of grapes in the classics of TCM is discussed, and the experience and rules of using grapes by doctors in ancient China are summarized. On this basis, the significance and medicinal value of grapes in the history of TCM development are studied, and the rich medicinal value of grapes can be used for reference by modern medical scientists.