遮光处理对观赏栀子氮、磷、钾分配与生长的影响

Effects of shading treatment on N,P and K distributiona nd growth of ornamental Gardenia jasminoides cultivars

为探究观赏栀子在不同遮光条件下生长和光合及氮、磷、钾(N、P、K)分配的规律,该研究对3种观赏栀子设置5种不同的遮光处理(0%、60%、70%、80%、90%),通过对观赏栀子的生长和光合及各器官N、P、K含量进行统计与分析,探究了不同遮光处理对观赏栀子栽植效果的影响。结果表明:(1)60%和0%遮光率的大花栀子、80%和70%遮光率的雀舌栀子、0%遮光率的花叶栀子均长势较好。(2)随着遮光率的增加,雀舌栀子和花叶栀子的净光合速率、胞间CO_(2)浓度、蒸腾速率逐渐降低,气孔导度、水分瞬时利用率在遮光率60%下达到最大值。(3)大花栀子总N量最高,器官含N量高低排序为叶、根、茎;雀舌栀子总P量最高,器官含P量排序为根、茎、叶;大花栀子在90%遮光率下含K量最高。综合考虑认为,雀舌栀子更耐荫蔽,适合在80%和70%的遮光条件下生长;大花栀子次之,适合在60%和0%遮光条件下生长;花叶栀子最不耐荫,适合在0%遮光条件下生长。

In order to explore the laws of growth,photosynthesis and NPK distribution of ornamental Gardenia jasminoides under different shading treatments.The experiment was conducted to set five different shadings on the three G.jasminoides through shading treatment(0%,60%,70%,80%,90%).The effects of different shading treatments on the planting effect of ornamental G.jasminoides were studied.Through the statistics and analysis of ornamental G.jasminoides growth,photosynthesis and N,P,K contents of various organs.The results were as follows:(1)G.jasminoides‘Grandiflora’with shading rates of 60%and 0%,G.jasminoides‘Radicans’with shading rates of 80%and 70%,and G.jasminoides‘Variegata’with a shading rate of 0%grow better.(2)With the increase of shading rates,the P n,C_(i)and T_(r)of G.jasminoides‘Radicans’and G.jasminoides‘Variegata’gradually decreased,and G_(s)and WUE reached the maximum value at 60%shading rate.(3)G.jasminoides‘Grandiflora’had the highest total N content,and the organ N content was ranked as leaf,root and stem;G.jasminoides‘Radicans’had the highest total P content,and the organ P content was ranked as root,stem and leaf;G.jasminoides‘Grandiflora’had the highest K content at 90%shading rate.The results of the review show that G.jasminoides‘Radicans’is more resistant to shading and is suitable for growth under 80%and 70%shading treatments.G.jasminoides‘Grandiflora’is the second,suitable for growth under 60%and 0%shading treatments.G.jasminoides‘Variegata’is the least tolerant and suitable for growth under 0%shading treatment.