光热转换用碳基材料的制备及应用进展

Progress in preparation and application of carbon-based materials for photothermal conversion

光热转换技术可将太阳能转换为热能,是提升资源利用率、实现能源利用可持续发展的有效途径;碳基材料具有优异的宽光吸收性能和高的光热转换效率,是太阳能光热转换用的核心材料。该文系统综述了光热转换用碳基材料的研究进展,概述了光热转换的基本原理和碳基材料的分类,总结了光热转换用碳基材料的制备方法,分析了光热转换用碳基材料在海水淡化、废水净化、光热除冰、光热治疗和热能存储等领域的应用进展,并对光热转换用碳基材料的研究方向作出展望。

Photothermal conversion technology that can convert solar energy into heat energy is an effective way to improve resource utilization and realize sustainable development. Carbon-based materials have become the core materials for solar photothermal conversion because of their excellent wide light absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency. In this paper, the development of carbon-based materials for photothermal conversion is reviewed, the basic principle of photothermal conversion and the classification of carbon-based materials are briefly described, the preparation methods of carbon-based materials for photothermal conversion are emphatically introduced, then the applications of carbon-materials for photothermal conversion in aspects of seawater desalination, wastewater purification photothermal deicing, photothermal therapy and thermal energy storage are depicted in details, and finally the prospects of carbon-materials for photothermal conversion in research direction are given.