山西谷子核心资源SSR等位变异检测及效应分析

Detection and Effect Analysis of SSR Alleles in Core Collection of Foxtail Millet in Shanxi Province

发掘山西谷子核心资源主要农艺性状关联位点的优异等位变异和载体材料,对谷子遗传改良有重要意义。连续3年对595份山西谷子核心资源15个表型性状进行鉴定评价,结合SSR基因分型数据,采用一般线性模型寻找关联位点并发掘优异等位变异及其载体材料。结果显示:颈长关联的CAAS6023位点和穗长关联的CAAS7036位点,在3年的表型鉴定中等位变异的增效和减效比例都高于其他位点。主茎节数和株高相关系数0.868(P<0.01),二者在P58位点上的不同等位变异对其表型效应影响方向和大小不同,其中‘晋汾矮4号’、竹叶青’、‘小黄谷’等种质所携带的等位变异能够稳定的控制该性状的表型。与穗粗相关联的B142位点上有9个等位变异‘,黄软谷’‘、小白流沙’‘、八一黄’等种质携带的等位变异在2个环境中能够检测到稳定表型。与穗码数相关联的位点有4个,‘圪垛棒’、‘大白谷’、‘刘沟谷’、‘媳妇笑’等种质都包含有2个位点以上的不同等位变异。蛋白质含量关联到的位点有2个,分别位于1号和8号染色体上,‘马缰绳’、‘垅谷’‘、达谷’在2个位点上均检测到控制蛋白含量的等位变异。山西谷子地方品种‘大白谷’‘、小黄谷’‘、小红谷’‘、竹叶青’‘、小白谷’‘、黄软谷’‘、青谷’‘、石榴谷’‘、沁州黄’‘、黑软谷’等种质中含有丰富的控制节数、株高、颈长、穗长、穗粗、码数和蛋白质等表型性状等位变异。本研究共发现与7个表型性状相关联的10个位点,筛选出一批含有控制表型性状等位变异的载体材料,为谷子生物育种中性状改良提供了精确的资源。

Genetic improvement in foxtail millet relied on mining excellent allelic variants and carrier materials in core collection of Shanxi Province.By identifying 15 phenotypic traits in 595 foxtail millet core collection for three consecutive years,combined with SSR genotyping,a general linear model(GLM)was used to search for association loci and discover superior allelic variation and their carrier materials.The results show that the CAAS6023 locus associated with neck length and the CAAS7036 locus associated with spike length had a higher proportion of potentiation and subtraction of site-specific variation than the other loci in the three year phenotypic identification.The correlation coefficient between main stem node number and plant height was 0.868(P<0.01),and the different allelic variants at the P58 locus of both had different directions and magnitudes of influence on their phenotypic effects,among which the allelic variants carried by germplasm such as’Jinfenai4’,’Zhuyeqing’,and’Xiaohuanggu’were able to control the phenotype of this trait stably.There were 9 allelic variants at locus B142 associated with spike diameter.The germplasm of’Huangruangu’,’Xiaobailiusha’and’Bayihuang’carried allelic variants that were able to detect stable phenotypic variation in two environments.There were four loci associated with spike code,and the’Geduobang’,’Dabaigu’,’Liugugu’,and’Xifuxiao’all contained different allelic variation with more than two loci.Protein content was associated with two loci.It was mapped on chromosome 1 and 8,respectively.Allelic variation controlling protein content were detected at two loci in the’Majiangsheng’,’Longgu’and’Dagu’.Shanxi foxtail millet landraces of’Dabaigu’,’Xiaohuanggu’,’Xiaohonggu’,’Zhuyeqing’,’Xiaobaigu’,’Huangruangu’,’Qinggu’,’Shiliugu’,’Qinzhouhuang’and’Heiruangu’contained abundant genetic variation controlling phenotypic traits such as number of nodes,plant height,neck length,spike length,spike diameter,spike code,and protein content.Ten loci associated with seven phenotypic traits were identified.Many elite germplasm were screened with a number of genetic variants controlling phenotypic traits.It will provide clear resource material for trait improvement in foxtail millet biological breeding.