河南省黄淮冬麦区180个国审小麦品种的亲缘关系分析

Analysis of Parental Relationship for 180 National Wheat Varieties in Huang-Huai Winter Wheat Areas of Henan Province

为了探讨育成品种的亲缘关系和遗传多样性,本研究以2000-2020年黄淮冬麦区河南省180个国审小麦品种为材料,追溯其系谱信息,计算品种亲本间及组合间的亲缘系数(coefficient of parentage,COP)并以此聚类。结果表明:114个品种父母本间存在亲缘关系,占品种的63.33%。180个品种组成16110个组合,其中15035个组合存在亲缘关系,占组合数的93.33%,COP平均值为0.0869,这表明育成品种间普遍存在亲缘关系。COP值聚类分析结果除了11个品种各自单独一类外,其余169个品种分为13个类群,每个类群均有特定品种及其衍生系组成。‘豫麦49’、‘周麦16’和‘百农AK58’等17个品种是对育成国审小麦品种贡献较大的骨干亲本。在今后的小麦育种工作中,利用好骨干亲本的基础上,应当挖掘新的种质资源,提高育成品种的遗传多样性,为小麦种子安全提供一定的参考。

In order to explore the parental relationship and genetic diversity of 180 national certified wheat varieties in Huanghuai winter wheat area of Henan Province from 2000 to 2020.Their were used as materials to trace their pedigree informations,calculate the coefficient of parentage(COP)between varieties’parents and varieties’combinations,and cluster analysis them.The results showed that there were parental relationship between the parents of 114 varieties,accounting for 63.33%of the varieties.There are 16110 pairs of combinations composed of 180 varieties,of which 15035 combinations have parental relationship,accounting for 93.33%of the number of combinations,and the average COP is 0.0869,indicating that parental relationship are common among breeding products.The results of COP cluster analysis showed that except for 11 varieties,the remaining 169 varieties were divided into 13 groups,and each group was composed of specific varieties and their derived lines.’Yumai49’,’Zhoumai16’and’Bainong AK58’are the backbone parents that contribute greatly to the breeding of national wheat varieties.It can be seen that in the future wheat breeding,on the basis of making good use of backbone parents,we should tap new germplasm resources,improve the genetic diversity of bred varieties,and provide certain reference for the safety of wheat seeds.