不同白木香种质叶表型遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity on Leaf Phenotypes of Different Aquilaria sinensis Germplasms

分析白木香种质资源叶表型遗传多样性,为白木香种质资源良种选育提供参考。以51份白木香种质资源为材料,进行6个数量性状和10个质量性状的测定,并采用遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:(1)白木香叶片数值型性状变异系数为12.5%~28.5%,Shannon多样性指数范围为0.098~1.778。(2)相关性分析表明,呈极显著正相关的有叶面积与叶长、叶宽和叶柄长,叶长与叶宽、叶柄长,叶宽与叶柄长,叶背囊泡有无与二级脉隆起程度(P<0.01);呈极显著负相关的有长宽比与叶面积、叶宽、叶柄长,叶形与二级脉隆起程度、叶背囊泡有无,叶尖与叶背囊泡有无(P<0.01)。(3)主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分的累积贡献率达到69.9%,其中第1主成分与叶片二级脉性状(二级脉分叉角,密集程度和隆起程度)、叶缘平整度有关;第2主成分与叶片形态有关;第3主成分与叶片颜色和叶片长宽比有关;第4主成分与叶片对称性有关;第5主成分与叶片叶柄长有关。(4)依据叶片表型性状将51份白木香种质划分为4个类群,每一类群具有不同的形态特征,且具有丰富的遗传多样性。白木香不同种质类型间具表型差异性,可为白木香种质划分提供借鉴和参考。

The diversified leaf phenotypic characteristics of Aquilaria sinensis germplasms were classified to facilitate the breeding program.6 quantifiable and 10 quality phenotypic traits of the plant were used to describle the 51 germplasm samples of A.sinensis.Genetic diversity,corre lation,principal component,and cluster analyses were applied for the studu.The result shows that:(1)The coefficient of variation of the numerical traits of A.sinensisleaves is 12.5%~28.5%,and the Shannon diversity index is in the range of 0.098~1.778.(2)The correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between leaf area and leaf length,leaf width,petiole length.Also The leaf length was found significantly correlated with the leaf width and petiole length.Moreover between the leaf width and petiole length.And between leaf abaxial vesicles(with or without)and the degree of secondary vein uplift(P<0.01).There is a significant negative correlation between the leaf length-width ratio and leaf area,leaf width,petiole length.Moreover between the leaf shape and the degree of secondary vein uplift,leaf abaxial vesicles(with or without).And between leaf apex and leaf abaxial vesicles(with or without)(P<0.01).(3)The results of the principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components was 69.9%,and the first principal component was related to leaf secondary vein characteristics(secondary vein bifurcation angle,intensity and uplift degree)together with theleaf margin undulation.The second principal component is related to leaf shape.T he third principal component is related to leaf color and leaf length-width ratio.The fourth principal component is related to leaf symmetry.The fifth principal component is related to the length of leaf petiole.(4)According to the leaf phenotypic traits,51 A.sinensis germplasm were divided into four groups.Each population has different morphological characteristics and rich genetic diversity.There are phenotypic differences among the different germplasm types of A.sinensis.Therefore,this study can provide some reference for the classification of A.sinensis germplasm.