轨道不平顺检测评价及预测综述

Review on Inspection,Evaluation and Prediction of Track Irregularity

按描述参数、激扰方向以及波长的不同对轨道不平顺进行分类;根据检测原理的不同及有无轮载比较不同轨道不平顺检测方法的优缺点;梳理局部不平顺评价和区段整体不平顺评价标准;分析频域评价方法的优缺点及各国应用情况;概括轨道不平顺时频域评价方法及其局限性;按预测方法的不同分析3类轨道不平顺预测方法。研究结果表明:相较于高速铁路,城轨交通动态检测缺少轨检车及综检车的应用;既有铁路轨道谱构建较为完善,但在城轨领域仍缺少成熟的轨道谱;时频分析方法能够同时在时域和频域上对轨道不平顺进行定位,适用于非平稳性信号,但其实际应用仍受较大限制;轨道不平顺预测能提高轨道维护效率,但仍存在很大局限性,无法进一步推广。

Track irregularity is classified by description parameters,excitation direction and wavelength;Advantages and disadvantages of different track irregularity inspection methods are compared according to different inspection principles and whether there is wheel load;The evaluation criteria for local irregularity and overall irregularity of the section are sorted out;Advantages and disadvantages of the frequency domain evaluation method and its application in various countries are analyzed;The frequency domain evaluation method of track irregularity and its limitations are summarized;Different prediction methods of 3 types of track irregularity are analyzed.The results of the study show that compared with HSR,no track inspection cars or comprehensive inspection cars are used for dynamic inspection in the filed of urban rail transit;Existing railways have relatively complete track spectra,but urban rail transit lacks mature track spectra;The timefrequency analysis method can locate track irregularity both in the time domain and the frequency domain,and it is suitable for signals not related to riding comfort,but its application is still greatly restricted.Track irregularity prediction can improve the efficiency of track maintenance,but it still has great limitations and cannot be further popularized.