个体化有氧训练联合康复治疗在老年脑梗死患者中的应用效果

Application effects of individualized aerobic training combined with rehabilitation therapy in elderly patients with cerebral infarction

目的:观察个体化有氧训练联合康复治疗在老年脑梗死患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年1月至2021年6月大连港医院收治的120例老年脑梗死患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各60例。对照组采用康复治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用个体化有氧训练。比较两组干预前后神经功能缺损程度[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)]评分、日常生活活动能力[Barthel指数(BI)]评分、上下肢运动功能[Fugl-Meyer评定量表(FMA)]评分和自主神经功能指标[总功率谱(TP)、低频功率谱(LF)、高频功率谱(HF)]水平。结果:干预后,两组NIHSS评分均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组BI评分和上、下肢FMA评分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组TP、HF值均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,两组LF值均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:个体化有氧训练联合康复治疗应用于老年脑梗死患者,可减轻神经功能缺损程度,改善自主神经功能,提高日常生活活动能力和上下肢运动功能,效果优于单纯康复治疗。

Objective: To observe application effects of individualized aerobic training combined with rehabilitation therapy in elderly patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 120 elderly patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Dalian Port Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021. They were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method, 60cases in each group. The control group was treated with rehabilitation therapy, while the observation group was treated with individualized aerobic training on the basis of that of the control group. The degree of neurological deficit [national institutes of health stroke scale(NIHSS)] score, the activities of daily living [Barthel index(BI)]score, the upper and lower limb motor function [Fugl-Meyer assessment(FMA)] score, and the autonomic nerve function index levels [total power spectrum(TP), low frequency power spectrum(LF), high frequency power spectrum(HF)] were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, the NIHSS scores of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention, that of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention, the BI scores and the FMA scores of upper and lower limbs in the two groups were higher than those before the intervention, those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). After the intervention,the levels of TP and HF in the two groups were higher than those before the intervention, and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group;the levels of LF in the two groups were lower than those before the intervention, and that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: Individualized aerobic training combined with rehabilitation therapy for the elderly patients with cerebral infarction can reduce the neurological deficits, improve the autonomic nerve function, and improve the activities of daily living and the upper and lower limb motor function. Moreover, it is superior to single rehabilitation therapy.