极端气候区建筑结构全寿命期绿色评价体系

Full-Life Green Evaluation System for Building Structuresin Extreme Climate Zones

对建筑结构的全寿命期进行绿色评价,是为了在保证结构自身寿命的同时,最大程度保证所处环境的寿命,实现建筑“绿色”及“可持续”。从建筑结构设计、建造、运维、终寿/延寿四个阶段建立建筑结构全寿命期绿色评价体系。极端气候区相比大陆地区具有更加脆弱的生态系统和复杂的环境条件,为了有针对性的评价极端气候区的建筑结构,针对热带海岛和低温严寒区域,进一步对所提出的建筑结构全寿命期绿色评价体系进行了调整和完善,并对各指标提出了一种简便的赋分方法,最终构建了极端气候区建筑结构全寿命期绿色评价标准。

As the architectural skeleton,building structure must support the building space and meet requirements for building safety.Importantly,it has significant influences on buildings’overall carbon emissions.The full-life evaluation of building structures is an extension and expansion of the conventional structural evaluation methods in terms of spatial and temporal dimensions.At present,evaluationmainly focuses on safety,durability,and serviceability.To transform the energy consumption mode of the construction industry,it is imperative to evaluate thefull-life green performance of building structures to realize"green and low-carbon goals"and increasethe sustainable development of the industry.It can assure green,low-carbon,and livable performances of building structures through green performance evaluationand minimize buildings’carbon emissions and their impact on the local environment.The key to realizing green performance and energy-saving is to evaluate green performance of building structures at different stages and establish a full-life evaluation system for building structures.Although the current green building evaluation standards in China cover stages of design,construction,maintenance,and deconstruction,they still lack evaluation of building structures in the extension stage.With the continuous development of building technology,strengthening building structures by using appropriate approaches to extend service lifecan alleviate environmental problems caused by elimination of abandoned building structures.In this study,a full-life green evaluation system forbuilding structures was established from the perspectives of design,construction,operation and maintenance,and termination/extension.In particular,different evaluation indexes including abandonment,demolition,or extension through strengthening and repair were proposed in the termination/extension stage and a more complete full-life green evaluation system for building structures was established.With the continuous improvement in ocean development and construction,ocean infrastructure is accelerating day by day.In particular,the green evaluation system forbuilding structures on tropical islands is different from those in mainland areas to some extent,which is attributed to the hot and humid climate,extreme weather,and corrosive environment.Similarly,it is cold and dry in low-temperature cold regions and building structural design focuses on thermal insulation properties in addition to ventilation and sunshade in summer.Hence,these building structures must be equipped with good anti-freezingthawing capabilities,excellentinsulation of the main body,and anti-cracking qualities.As such,full-life green evaluation of building structures in these extreme climatic zones isdifferent from thatin ordinary mainland areas.To evaluate building structures in extreme climate zones,the proposed system was further adjusted and perfected with consideration for tropical islands and low-temperature regions.With referenceto existing green building evaluation standards,a simple index scoring method was proposed.Finally,a full-life green evaluation standard forbuilding structures was developed.