饲粮中添加包被丁酸钠对循环热应激条件下肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和炎性反应的影响

Effects of Dietary Coated Sodium Butyrate on Growth Performance,Antioxidant Capacity and Inflammatory Response of Broilers under Cyclically Heat-Stress Condition

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加包被丁酸钠(CSB)对循环热应激条件下肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力和炎性反应的影响。试验选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉公鸡500只,常规免疫与饲养至21日龄时,选取健康、体重相近的肉鸡450只,随机分为5个组,每组设6个重复,每个重复15只鸡。5组分为1个常温组(NT组)、1个热应激组(HS组)和3个热应激同时补充CSB组(HS+CSB组)。其中,NT组肉鸡饲养在(24±2)℃室温环境中,饲喂基础饲粮;HS组和3个HS+CSB组肉鸡饲养在日变高温环境(28℃—36℃—28℃)中,HS组饲喂基础饲粮,而3个HS+CSB组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加300、600、900 mg/kg CSB的饲粮。结果显示:1)与NT组相比,循环热应激极显著降低了肉鸡的平均日采食量与平均日增重(P<0.01)。循环热应激条件下,与HS组相比,饲粮中添加900 mg/kg CSB可显著增加肉鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P<0.05),添加600 mg/kg CSB可显著增加循环热应激条件下肉鸡的平均日增重(P<0.05)。2)与NT组相比,循环热应激显著或极显著降低了肉鸡血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)与超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P<0.05或P<0.01),显著或极显著增加血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与肌酸激酶(CK)的活性及丙二醛(MDA)、α1-酸性糖蛋白(α1-AGP)、内毒素(ET)与硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)的含量(P<0.05或P<0.01)。循环热应激条件下,与HS组相比,饲粮中添加900 mg/kg CSB显著增加了肉鸡血清中SOD、CAT和GSH-Px的活性和T-AOC(P<0.05),极显著降低了肉鸡血清中LDH的活性和TBARS的含量(P<0.01),并显著减少了肉鸡血清中α1-AGP与ET的含量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加600 mg/kg CSB显著增加了肉鸡血清中SOD和CAT的活性(P<0.05),极显著降低了肉鸡血清中LDH的活性(P<0.01);饲粮中添加300 mg/kg CSB显著增加了肉鸡血清中SOD和CAT的活性和T-AOC(P<0.05)。3)与NT组相比,循环热应激处理极显著增加了肉鸡血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的含量(P<0.01)。循环热应激条件下,与HS组相比,饲粮中添加900 mg/kg CSB可极显著降低肉鸡血清中IL-6的含量(P<0.01),显著降低TNF-α、IL-1β与IL-8的含量(P<0.05),显著增加转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的含量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加600 mg/kg CSB可极显著降低肉鸡血清中IL-6的含量(P<0.01),显著降低TNF-α的含量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加300 mg/kg CSB可显著降低肉鸡血清中TNF-α的含量(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,饲粮中添加CSB可通过提高抗氧化能力和减轻炎性反应来提高循环热应激条件下肉鸡的生长性能,本试验中以添加900 mg/kg CSB的效果最佳。

This experiment investigated the effects of dietary coated sodium butyrate(CSB)on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity and inflammatory response of broilers under cyclically heat-stress condition. The experiment selected 500 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broilers,and when routine immunization and rearing to 21-day-old,four hundred and fifty healthy and similar body weight broilers were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 15 chickens per replicate. Five groups were divided into one normal temperature group(NT group),one heat stress group(HS group)and three heat stress and adding CSB groups(HS+CSB groups). Broilers in the NT group were raised in room temperature environment[(24±2)℃],and fed a basal diet. Broilers in the HS group and HS+CSB groups were raised in a daily high temperature environment(28 ℃—36 ℃—28 ℃),and fed diets supplemented with 0,300,600 and 900 mg/kg CSB in the basal diet,respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 d. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the NT group,cyclically heat-stress extremely significantly reduced the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of broilers(P < 0. 01). Under the cyclically heat-stress condition,the addition of900 mg/kg CSB significantly increased the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of broilers(P<0.05),and the addition of 600 mg/kg CSB significantly increased the average daily gain of broilers compared with HS group(P<0.05). 2)Compared with the NT group,cyclically heat-stress significantly or extremely significantly decreased serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of broilers(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and significantly or extremely significantly increased serum lactic dehydrogenase(LDH)and creatine kinase(CK)activities and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA), α1-acidoglycoprotein(α1-AGP),endotoxin(ET)and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS)(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Under the cyclically heat-stress condition,compared with the NT group,the addition of 900 mg/kg CSB significantly increased the serum GSH-Px,CAT and SOD activities and T-AOC(P<0.05),and significantly or extremely significantly decreased the serum LDH activity andα1-AGP,ET and TBARS contents of broilers(P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01);the addition of600 mg/kg CSB significantly increased the serum CAT and SOD activities(P<0.05),and extremely significantly decreased the serum LDH activity of broilers(P<0.01);the addition of 300 mg/kg CSB significantly increased the serum CAT and SOD activities and T-AOC of broilers(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the NT group,cyclically heat-stress extremely significantly increased the serum contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and interleukin-8(IL-8)of broilers(P<0.01). Under the cyclically heat-stress condition,compared with the NT group,the addition of900 mg/kg CSB significantly or extremely significantly reduced the serum IL-6,TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-8 contents of broilers(P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01),and significantly increased serum transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)content(P<0.05);the addition of 600 mg/kg CSB significantly or extremely significantly reduced the serum IL-6 and TNF-αcontents of broilers(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the addition of 300 mg/kg CSB significantly reduced the serum TNF-αcontent of broilers(P<0.05). Above results indicate that the addition of CSB in the diet can improve the growth performance of broilers under the cyclically heat-stress condition by increasing the antioxidant capacity and alleviating the inflammatory response,and adding 900 mg/kg CSB to the diet in this experiment has the best effect.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2023,35(1):211-220]