竹叶黄酮与包膜丁酸钠对仙居鸡生产性能、蛋品质和脂质代谢的影响

Effects of Bamboo Leaf Flavonoids and Coated Sodium Butyrate on Performance,Egg Quality and Lipid Metabolism of Xianju Hens

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加竹叶黄酮与包膜丁酸钠对仙居鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清脂质代谢指标和肝脏脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响。选用300只200日龄的仙居鸡母鸡,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加40 mg/kg杆菌肽锌(Ⅱ组,抗生素组)、500 mg/kg竹叶黄酮(Ⅲ组)、500 mg/kg包膜丁酸钠(Ⅳ组)、500 mg/kg竹叶黄酮+500 mg/kg包膜丁酸钠(Ⅴ组,复配组)。预试期7 d,正试期90 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,Ⅳ组1~45 d、46~90 d和1~90 d产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅴ组46~90 d平均蛋重显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅴ组1~90 d料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅴ组哈夫单位显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅴ组蛋黄比率显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,Ⅳ组肝脏过氧化物酶体增殖体激活受体γ(PPARγ)、固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c(SREBP-1c)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组肝脏脂肪酸合酶(FAS)mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组肝脏羟甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶(HMGCR)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅴ组肝脏胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7A1)mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加竹叶黄酮与包膜丁酸钠可以提高仙居鸡的生产性能,改善蛋品质,降低血清TC、TG和LDL-C含量,调节肝脏中PPARγ、SREBP-1c等脂质代谢相关基因的表达。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary supplementation of bamboo leaf flavonoids and coated sodium butyrate on the performance,egg quality,serum lipid metabolism parameters and the expression of lipid metabolism related genes of Xianju hens. A total of 300 healthy 200-day-old Xianju hens were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 15 chickens in each replicate. The control group(groupⅠ)was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 40 mg/kg bacitracin zin(groupⅡ,antibiotic group),500 mg/kg bamboo leaf flavonoids(groupⅢ),500 mg/kg coated sodium butyrate(groupⅣ)and 500 mg/kg bamboo leaf flavonoids+500 mg/kg coated sodium butyrate(groupⅤ,compound group),respectively. The pretrial period of the experiment was 7 days,and the positive trial period for 90 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the laying rate of groupⅣwas significantly increased during 1 to 45 d,46 to 90 d and 1 to 90 d(P<0.05),the average egg weight of groupⅤwas significantly increased during 46 to 90 d(P<0.05),and the feed to egg ratio of groupⅤwas significantly increased during 1 to 90 d(P<0.05). 2)Compared with the control group,the Haugh unit of groupsⅡandⅤwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the egg yolk ratio of groupⅤwas significantly decreased(P<0.05). 3)Compared with the control group,the contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum of groupsⅢ,ⅣandⅤwere significantly decreased(P<0.05). 4)Compared with the control group,the mRNA relative expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ),sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c)and lipoprotein lipase(LPL)in liver of groupⅣwere significantly increased(P<0.05),the liver fatty acid synthase(FAS)mRNA relative expression level of groupⅢwas significantly decreased(P<0.05),the liver 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase(HMGCR)mRNA relative expression level of groupsⅡ, Ⅲ ⅣandⅤwas significantly increased(P<0.05),and the liver cholesterol7α-hydroxylase(CYP7A1)mRNA expression level of groupⅤwas significantly increased(P<0.05). In conclusion,dietary bamboo leaf flavonoids and coated sodium butyrate can improve the performance and egg quality of Xianju hens,reduce the contents of TC,TG and LDL-C in serum,and regulate the expression of genes which related to lipid metabolism such as PPARγ and SREBP-1c in liver.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2023,35(1):260-268]