毛竹林抚育方法对比分析与选择

Comparative Analysis and Selection of Tending Methods for Phyllostachys edulis Plantations

本文对多年未进行过抚育管理的毛竹林分别采用结构调整(A处理)、结构调整+林地垦复(B处理)、结构调整+施肥(C处理)、结构调整+林地垦复+施肥(D处理)4种抚育方法和对照(E处理),调查测算各处理后的竹笋产量、用工和经济效益。结果表明,4种抚育方法都能使竹笋产量提高,其中A处理竹笋增量和所得纯收入最低,但因其用工也最少,平均用工所得反而较高,在第一出笋年排第二,第二出笋年排第一;D处理竹笋增量、用工和所得纯收入均最多,每个抚育用工所得在第一出笋年排第一,第二出笋年排第二,高于B处理、C处理。在此研究的基础上,提出了劳动力余缺、雇工成本高低等不同社会经济条件下毛竹林最高效实用的抚育方法,以期为林业主管部门和竹林经营者提供参考。

In this paper, long untended Phyllostachys edulis plantations were tested with 4 tending methods including structural adjustment(Treatment A), structural adjustment + forestland reclamation(Treatment B), structural adjustment + fertilization(Treatment C) and structural adjustment + forestland reclamation + fertilization(Treatment D) and control(Treatment E), and the yield of bamboo shoots, labor cost and economic benefit of the treatments were surveyed and calculated respectively. The results showed that the 4tending methods could all improve the yield of bamboo shoots with Treatment A having the lowest increment of bamboo shoots, lowest net income but least labor cost, and thus relatively higher mean-laboring return, ranking second in the first bamboo shooting year and first in the second shooting year. Treatment D had the highest increment of bamboo shoots, highest laboring cost and highest net income, with each tending-laboring return ranking first in the first shooting year and second in the second shooting year, higher than either Treatment A or C. Based on the results, targeted optimum tending methods for P. edulis plantations were put for ward in different social and economic conditions including surplus or shortage of labor and labor cost.