新冠肺炎疫情下隔离人员服用中药汤剂依从性及影响因素分析

Compliance of Quarantined Personnel Taking Traditional Chinese Medicine Decoction During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Influencing Factors

目的探讨影响新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情期间隔离人员服用中药汤剂依从性的因素。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,通过自制调查问卷收集某市自2021年7月30日起被认定为新冠肺炎患者密切接触/次密切接触者的人口学特征、基础疾病、对中药的认知度、心理状况等信息。以服药依从性为因变量,以上述指标为自变量进行单因素分析;以单因素分析中有统计学意义的指标为自变量,纳入二元Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果共收集6275份问卷,回收有效问卷6213份,有效回收率为99.01%。其中,服药依从性高4739名(76.28%),服药依从性低1223名(19.68%),未服药251名(4.04%)。多因素分析结果显示,男性[OR=1.415,95%CI(1.232,1.627)],年龄低于29岁[OR=0.243,95%CI(0.190,0.310)],年龄为30~45岁[OR=0.460,95%CI(0.361,0.585)],学历为大学本科及以上[OR=0.509,95%CI(0.443,0.585)],高风险地区[OR=0.675,95%CI(0.574,0.794)],对中药认知度高[OR=2.845,95%CI(2.451,3.303)],心理健康[OR=1.501,95%CI(1.304,1.728)],服药后未发生不良反应[OR=6.023,95%CI(4.773,7.600)]均是影响服药依从性的因素。结论男性、年龄低于45岁、大学本科及以上学历、对中药认知度高、心理健康、服药后未发生不良反应等因素,可提高集中隔离人员服用中药汤剂的依从性。进一步加强用药指导、中医药知识宣传和心理干预力度,可提高隔离人员的服药依从性。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the compliance of quarantined personnel taking the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)decoction during the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Methods A prospective study was adopted,and the self-made questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics,underlying diseases,cognitive level of TCM,psychological status and other information of personnel identified as the close contacts/secondary contacts of patients with COVID-19 in a city since July 30,2021.The univariate analysis was carried out with the medication compliance as the dependent variable and the above indicators as the independent variables.The indicators with statistical significance in the univariate analysis were taken as the independent variables,and incorporated into the binary Logistic regression model for the multivariate analysis.Results A total of 6275 questionnaires and 6213 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective recovery rate of99.01%.Among the above personnel,there were 4739 personnel(76.28%)with the high compliance of medication,1223 personnel(19.68%)with the low compliance of medication,and 251 personnel(4.04%)did not take medicines.The results of multivariate analysis showed that male[OR=1.415,95%CI(1.232,1.627)],age below 29 years[OR=0.243,95%CI(0.190,0.310)],age of 30-45 years[OR=0.460,95%CI(0.361,0.585)],educational background of bachelor degree or above[OR=0.509,95%CI(0.443,0.585)],high-risk areas[OR=0.675,95%CI(0.574,0.794)],high cognitive level of TCM[OR=2.845,95%CI(2.451,3.303)],healthy psychology[OR=1.501,95%CI(1.304,1.728)]and no adverse reactions after medication[OR=6.023,95%CI(4.773,7.600)]were the factors affecting the medication compliance.Conclusion Male,age below 45 years,educational background of bachelor degree or above,high cognitive level of TCM,healthy psychology,no adverse reactions after medication and other factors can improve the compliance of centralized-quarantined personnel taking TCM decoction.Medication guidance,knowledge publicity of TCM and psychological intervention should be further strengthened to improve the medication compliance of the quarantined personnel.