吴江蚕桑文化演变与习俗特征研究

Research on the Evolution and Custom Characteristics of Sericulture Culture in Wujiang

中国种桑养蚕的传统自古有之,蚕桑也是中国古代农业的重要组成部分,吴江地区更有“丝绸之府”的美称。自唐后,两宋、明清时期吴江地区的蚕桑业飞速发展壮大,繁荣一时。在近代尤其是抗日战争期间受到严重破坏,新中国成立后才得到恢复与发展。本文梳理吴江当地的蚕桑发展演变,并总结当地有关崇拜自然、祈祷丰收、讨口彩与精神娱乐的蚕俗,由此研究女性与蚕桑民俗之间的相互影响。对吴江蚕俗的总结梳理,不仅有助于我们了解过去蚕桑发展的历史与风土人情,也有助于现在弘扬传统的蚕桑与丝绸文化。

The tradition of growing mulberry and raising silkworms in China has been around since ancient times,and silkworms were an important part of ancient Chinese agriculture,and the Wujiang region is even known as the‘capital of silk’.Since the Tang Dynasty,the silkworm industry in the Wujiang area grew rapidly and prospered for a time during the Song,Ming and Qing Dynasties.It was only after the founding of the People's Republic of China that it was restored and developed,after being severely damaged in modern times,especially during the Second Sino-Japanese War.This paper examines the evolution of local sericulture in Wujiang and summarizes local sericultural customs relating to nature worship,harvest prayers,kudos and spiritual entertainment,thereby examining the interplay between women and sericultural folklore.A summary of silkworm customs in Wujiang will not only help us to understand the history and customs of silkworm development in the past,but also help to promote traditional silkworm and silk culture now.