基于数据挖掘的2型糖尿病动物模型应用分析

Application of Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:Based on Data Mining

目的:研究2型糖尿病(T2DM)动物模型的造模要素及检测指标,为建立经济易行且符合发病机制的动物模型提供参考,为相关发病机制、药效机制研究提供更佳的研究基础。方法:通过在中国知网、万方、PubMed等数据库中检索近10年收录的T2DM动物实验文献,整理归纳实验动物种类、性别、造模方式、检测指标、方法等建立数据库,用Excel、SPSS 18.0进行数据分析。结果:筛选纳入文献共249篇,T2DM动物实验造模多选用雄性SD大鼠;造模方式多为化学加饮食诱导,化学诱导药物以链脲佐菌素(STZ)为主,饮食诱导以高脂高糖饲料为主;检测指标包括血清生化指标、组织病理学、相关指数等。结论:T2DM动物实验通常选用雄性SD大鼠,以高脂高糖饲料(含猪油10%、20%蔗糖)或高脂饲料(含40%~60%脂肪)喂养加小剂量STZ(30~40 mg·kg^(-1))单次腹腔注射诱导造模,具有操作简便、成模率高且符合疾病发病过程等优点,结合血糖、血脂谱、血清胰岛素、葡萄糖耐量试验或胰岛素耐量试验及组织病理学等指标,可为T2DM基础动物实验研究提供参考。

Objective:To study the modeling elements and detection indexes of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)animal models,to provide a reference for establishing animal models with related pathogenesis in a cost-effective and simple manner,and to lay a basis for the research on relevant pathogenesis and pharmacological mechanism.Method:Papers on animal experiment of T2DM which were published from January 1,2011 to December 31,2021 were retrieved from China Knowledge Network,Wanfang Data,and PubMed.Data on the types and genders of animals,modeling methods,and evaluation indexes and methods were collected used to establish a database.Then,Excel and SPSS 18.0 were employed for data analysis.Result:A total of 249 eligible papers were included and male SD rats were mainly used for the modeling.The combination of chemical and diet was mainly adopted for the modeling,with streptozotocin(STZ)as the main chemical and high-fat and high-sugar diet as the main diet.The evaluation indexes of serum biochemical indexes,histopathology,and related indexes were frequently used.Conclusion:In animal experiment on T2DM,male SD rats are mainly adopted for modeling.The frequently used modeling method is the combination of high-fat and high-sugar diet(containing 10% lard and 20% sucrose)or high-fat diet(containing 40%-60% fat)with small dose of STZ(30-40 mg·kg^(-1),intraperitoneal injection,once).This method is characterized by ease of implementation and high success rate,and the yielded animal model has the disease pathogenesis.The models are often evaluated based on blood glucose,blood lipid profile,serum insulin,glucose tolerance test or insulin tolerance test.The findings are expected to serve as a reference for research on basic animal experiment on T2DM.