“质量”逻辑与育人逻辑之辩——基于“高校研究生清退事件”的学理探析

The Debate Between “Quality” Logic and Educational Logic——A Theoretical Analysis Based on “the Postgraduate Dismissal Event in Universities”

作为目前我国高校提升研究生培养质量的一种手段,清退举措受到人们广泛关注。从“高校研究生清退事件”的原点——遵循逻辑切入,为系统了解清退问题提供了一个可能的新进路。通过对清退事件进行全面检视,发现它在具体施行过程中遵循着“质量”逻辑。此“质量”逻辑偏重教育成本、效率与结果等外显的质量表征,过度遵循易于忽视研究生培养的最终旨归、遮蔽人才成长的必要要素、影响被清退者的主体权利。根据善观念、理性理论、正义观与实际国情四大学术视域,清退的逻辑指向应始终坚守育人底线,同时兼顾效率结果等外显质量表征。以育人逻辑为基,兼顾“质量”逻辑驱动清退的可能之路在于超越工具理性,捍卫价值理性;尊重学科差异,走向多元评价;突破文献之学,重视德性之学;正视公平失衡,守护学术正义。

As a means of improving the quality of postgraduate training in Chinese universities, the dismissal has received a wide attention. Starting from the source of postgraduate dismissal is conducive to a comprehensive review. Through the examination of the current perspective on the dismissal of postgraduate students, it is found that there is a “quality” logic behind the dismissal of postgraduate students. It focuses on explicit quality representations such as educational cost, efficiency, and outcome. Excessive adherence to the “quality” logic tends to ignore the ultimate goal of postgraduate training, obscure the necessary elements of talent growth, and affect the subject rights of those who are dismissed. Based on the concept of goodness, the theory of rationality, the view of justice, and the actual national conditions, the logic of dismissal should always adhere to the bottom line of educating people, while taking into account the external quality indicators such as efficiency and results. Based on the logic of educating people and taking into account the logic of “quality”, a promising way to drive the dismissal of postgraduate students lies in: transcending instrumental rationality and defending value rationality;respecting disciplinary differences and moving toward multiple evaluations;breaking the literature studies and emphasizing the moral studies;and facing up to the imbalance of fairness and protecting academic justice.