实习护生工作场所欺凌与社会支持、专业认同的相关性研究

Correlation between Workplace Bullying,Social Support and Professional Identity among Intern Nursing Students

目的:了解实习护生遭受工作场所欺凌的现状及影响因素,并探讨其与社会支持、专业认同的相关性。方法:以整群抽样抽取2019-2020年在新疆某三甲医院实习的266名护生,采用一般人口学资料、中文版负性行为量表、社会支持评定量表和护生专业认同量表进行问卷调查。结果:实习护生工作场所欺凌得分的中位数为25.00分,社会支持总得分为(42.17±6.52)分,护士专业认同总得分为(96.58±11.15)分;实习护生工作场所欺凌与社会支持(r=-0.211,P<0.01)、护生专业认同(r=-0.317,P<0.01)呈负相关。回归分析结果显示,对工作场所欺凌的了解、发生工作场所欺凌的次数及专业认同的总分是护生工作场所欺凌的影响因素(P<0.05),共解释护生工作场所欺凌总变异度的22.5%。结论:实习护生工作场所欺凌与社会支持密切相关,且工作场所欺凌会对实习护生的专业认同产生一定的影响。医院应该根据实习护生的特点,完善相关培养制度和方案,提高其社会支持水平,采取有效干预措施降低实习护生工作场所欺凌的发生,提高实习护生的专业认同水平。

Objective:To investigate the status and influencing factors of workplace bullying among nursing students,and to explore its correlation with social support and professional identity.Methods:266 nursing students who practiced in a third-class a hospital in Xinjiang from 2019 to 2020 were selected by cluster sampling.General demographic data,Chinese version of negative behavior Scale,Social support Rating Scale and professional identity scale of nursing students were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.Results:The median score of workplace bullying among nursing students was 25.00,total score of social support was 42.17±6.52,total score of professional identity was 96.58±11.15.Workplace bullying of nursing students was negatively correlated with social support(r=-0.211,P<0.01)and professional identity(r=-0.317,P<0.01).The results of regression analysis showed that the understanding of workplace bullying,the number of workplace bullying and the total score of professional identity were the influencing factors of workplace bullying among nursing students(P<0.05),explaining 22.5%of the total variation of workplace bullying.Conclusion:Workplace bullying of nursing students is closely related to social support,and workplace bullying will have a certain impact on professional identity of nursing students.According to the characteristics of nursing students,hospitals should improve the relevant training systems and programs,improve their social support level,take effective intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of workplace bullying,and improve the professional identity level of nursing students.