三株饲用枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌性能的比较研究

Comparation on The Antibacterial Properties of Three Bacillus subtilis Strains

研究旨在评估三株枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌性能的差异。采用体外牛津杯试验,设4个处理组,以土霉素(对照组)为参照,按抑菌圈直径(DIZ)比较三株菌株处理组的枯草芽孢杆菌(菌株编号为D、B、G)对4类13个指示菌的抑制作用。结果显示:(1)对于肠道有害菌:菌株D、B对大肠杆菌K88和K99及鸡白痢沙门氏菌有抑制作用,且菌株D抑制效果均显著大于菌株B(P<0.05);相反,菌株G对大肠杆菌K88和K99及鸡白痢沙门氏菌无抑制作用(不敏感);菌株D、G对猪霍乱沙门氏菌的抑制作用为“不敏感”,菌株B为“敏感”;三个菌株对产气荚膜梭菌的抑制作用均达“高敏感”。(2)对于肠道有益菌,菌株B对罗伊氏乳酸杆菌的抑制作用达“高敏感”,菌株D为“敏感”,菌株G为“不敏感”。(3)对于饲料源有害菌,菌株B对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用为“敏感”,菌株D、G为“不敏感”。(4)对于商业饲用益生菌,菌株B对凝结芽孢杆菌、丁酸梭菌、粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌、产朊假丝酵母的抑制作用均达“高敏感”,相反菌株G均为“不敏感”。以上结果提示,三株枯草芽孢杆菌抑菌性能有较大差异,且对其他商业饲用益生菌存在可能的颉颃效应。

The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the diverse antibacterial properties of three Bacillus subtilis strains.Four treatment groups including on oxytetracycline(control group),Bacillus subtilis D,Bacillus subtilis B and Bacillus subtilis G were designed to determine the diameter of inhibition zone(DIZ) and further evaluate the inhibitory effects of three Bacillus subtilis strains on thirteen indicator bacteria including on intestinal harmful bacteria,intestinal benefit bacteria,feedstuff harmful bacteria,and commercial feed probiotics by the Oxford cup test in vitro.The results showed as followings:(1)Inhibitory effects on intestinal harmful bacteria,For the indicator bacteria E.coli K88,E.coli K99 and S.pullorum,inhibitory activity of Bacillus subtilis D was significantly higher than that of Bacillus subtilis B(P<0.05),but no inhibition(Insensitive) was observed to Bacillus subtilis G.The strains D and G were judged as“Insensitive”to S.cholerae,but strain B was judged as“Sensitive”to S.cholerae.Moreover, three Bacillus subtilis strains had the“Highly Sensitive”inhibitory effects on C.perfringens.(2) Inhibitory effects on intestinal beneficial bacteria,For the indicator bacteria L.reuteri,Bacillus subtilis B was judged as"Highly Sensitive",strain D as"Sensitive",and strain G as"Insensitive".(3) Inhibitory effects on feedstuff harmful bacteria,For the indicator bacteria S.aureus,Bacillus subtilis B was judged as"Sensitive",and the strains of Bacillus subtilis D and G were judged as"Insensitive".(4) Inhibitory effects on commercial feed probiotics,For C.butyricum,E.faecium,E.faecalis and C.utilis,Bacillus subtilis B was judged as"Highly Sensitive",but Bacillus subtilis G was judged as"Insensitive".In conclusion,acutely diverse antibacterial properties were observed for the three Bacillus subtilis strains,which further suggested the antagonistic effects of three Bacillus subtilis strains on other commercial feed probiotics.