长江下游河湖保护与修复状况及对策建议

Current Status and Measures of Conservation and Restoration of Rivers and Lakes in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

长江下游是长江经济带的重要区域,做好河湖保护与修复工作,对于加强生态文明建设,推动长江经济带高质量发展具有重要意义。梳理总结了长江下游河湖保护、治理和修复等方面取得的成效;指出了长江下游目前主要面临防洪形势较为严峻、干流河道长历时冲刷、岸线利用与监管不足、水环境质量有待进一步提升、湖泊数量和面积锐减、水生物多样性和资源量下降、江湖连通性受阻等问题;提出了长江下游优化防洪体系、加强河湖系统监测与健康评价、深化多样化生态河道治理、实施江湖水系连通、制定岸线分类与动态监管技术标准、创新流域综合管理体制机制等河湖保护、治理与修复的若干建议。研究成果可供长江下游地区河湖管理保护、治理和修复提供参考。

The lower reaches of the Changjiang River is the core region of the Yangtze River economic belt. Protecting and restoring rivers and lakes in the lower Changjiang River is of great significance to accelerating the construction of ecological civilization and promoting high-quality development of the Yangtze River economic belt. In this paper we summarized the achievements in the protection, regulation and restoration of rivers and lakes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and analyzed major water problems. Such problems include severe flood control situation, long-term erosion of the mainstream, inadequate shoreline utilization and supervision, deteriorated water quality, reduced number and area of lakes, decreased aquatic biodiversity and resources, and blocked connectivity of rivers and lakes. We further proposed suggestions on the protection, treatment and restoration of the lower Changjiang River as follows: optimizing flood control system, strengthening systematic monitoring and health evaluation, deepening diversified ecological channel regulation, connecting river and lake systems, formulating technical standards for shoreline classification and dynamic monitoring, and innovating the mechanism of river basin integrated management system. The research findings offer reference for the management, protection, and restoration of rivers and lakes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.