“家”与中国乡土社会:基于个体心理的思考——民国时期许烺光的喜洲镇调查

“Family”and Chinese Rural Society:Thinking Based on Individual Psychology-Francis L.K.Hsu'West Town Survey in the Republic of China

作为中国家庭社会学学科史上的开拓性学者,许烺光的家庭研究一直以来并没有得到学界足够的重视。他的喜洲镇调查从个体心理层面出发,试图通过田野经验更充分地解读中国乡土社会中的“家”文化,同时也进一步反思该文化潜在的局限性。“家”从来都是勾连个体与社会文化的重要中介环节,这种将人格心理与总体性文化命题相关联的研究取向,对当下的乡土社会研究也具有极大的启发意义。根据以“家”为中心展开的田野调查经验,许烺光不仅分析了中国乡土社会中“权威”和“竞争”属性的本土化特征,同时通过反思作为中国“家”文化和乡土社会核心价值的“父子一体”观念,进一步探讨了中国社会流动的内在机制以及社会变迁的人格性基础。

As a pioneering scholar in the history of Chinese family sociology,Francis L.K.Hsu s family research has not received enough attention from the academic community.His West Town Survey started from the individual psychology,trying to fully interpret the“family culture”in Chinese rural society,and further reflects on the potential limitations of this culture through the field experience.The family has always been an important intermediary link connecting the individual and the social culture.His research which combines personality psychology with an overall cultural proposition is also of great inspiration to the current rural society research.Based on the field survey experience about“the family”,Francis L.K.Hsu not only analyzes the“authority and competition”in Chinese rural society,but also reflects the“father-son identification”which is the core value of the“family”and the rural society.And He further explores the internal mechanism of China s social mobility and the personality basis of the social change.